chapter 3 Flashcards
(48 cards)
Cognitive neuroscience
Study of brain activity that is linked with the mental process
Relates specific brain activity to conscious experiences
sub conscious
●Can be aware while conscious isn’t
● Doesn’t hit the threshold of activation
● Sub-conscious can impact our behaviour, and we wouldn’t know
Duel processing (Freud)
Unconscious, Pre-consciousness, Conscious
●Unconscious: Innate drives and desires that can’t be consciously
accessed
● Pre-consciousness: Outside current awareness but can be easily recalled
● Conscious: Thoughts and perceptions we are currently aware of
Duel processing (today)
● Conscious and unconscious work together: Duel processing
● Conscious: Effortful processing, must pay attention and think, limited
capacity (studying for a test)
● Unconscious: Automatic, habits, learned behaviours, quick and efficient
selective attention
only aware of things that you think are important
inattentional blindness
does not notice visual objects when attention is directed elsewhere
change blindness
does not realize change in object when attention is directed elsewhere
how long are the sleep cycle and how many are in stages are in it
90 minutes and there are 4 stages
name the 4 stages of sleep in order
NREM1, NREM2, NREM3
and REM
Circadian Rythm
Internal body clock and allows our bodies to sync with the 24-hour cycle of day and night
Waking beta
●High frequency
● Low amplitude
● Always alert
● Alert awakened state
Waking alpha
● Lower frequency
● Higher amplitude
● More relaxed
● Eyes may be closed, but still awake
NREM1
theta brain waves (irregular + slower)
Hypnogogic sensations
lasts one minute or less
NREM2
● More relaxed
● Begins periodic sleep spindles
→ rapid, rhythmic brain wave
activity (aids memory processing)
● Lasts about 20 mins
NREM3
hard to wake up someone when they are in this stage (deep sleep)
lasts around 30 minutes
REM
about an hour into sleeping.
brain looks like N1 but not as light sleep
personal can be aroused in this stage
if you don,t get enough REM on night you will be in REM the next night for longer to catch up
manifest content (Freud)
elements of a dream that are conscouisly remembered and experienced
latent content (Freud)
unconscious thoughts that appear in the manifest content of a dream
why do we dream ( dream theories)
to process and store info - there’s a link between REM and memory
Physiological function - develop and pressure neural pathways
neural activation - REM sleep trigger neural activity that evoke random visual memories
Cognitive Development: - brain matures and dream reflects on persons maturity development
lucid dreaming
aware that you are dreaming.
Brain wave patterns are more “awake.”
More activity is happening in the frontal lobe
trauma and dreams
Insomnia can be a pre-curser to developing PTSD
Less deep sleep (stage 3)
Nightmares and flashbacks can occur before stage 1 sleep (hypnogogic state)
TSD (Trauma-associated sleep disorder) related nightmares occur during REM
and NREM sleep.
why do we sleep
gives the body a chance to rest and prepare
helps with memory
- Reactivates recent experiences stored
in the Hippocampus and shifts them to
permanent storage elsewhere in the
cortex
supports growth
insomnia
difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
person ends up dependent on alcohol and pills to fall asleep. over time they may build a tolerance will have to increase dosage.
narcolepsy
sudden attacks of sleep. - they can immediately go into REM
can last up to five minutes
