Chapter 3

Question 1

Lysosomes

Answer 1

Lysosomal enzymes can destroy microbes that invade the cell.

Question 2

What is Nucleus?

Answer 2

Controls cell because it contains most of the genetic code, or genetic information (genome)

Question 3

What are Cellular Extensions?

Answer 3

Microvilli: that increase surface area and produce slight movements that enhance absorption by the cell.

Cilia: Cilia are fine hairlike extensions

Flagella: Flagella are single projections (much longer than cilia) that act as “tails” of sperm cells.

Question 4

Name the Passive transport processes through cell membranes.

Answer 4

Diffusion (from high to low concentration)

Osmosis (from high to low concentration)

Filtration:(movement from high to low pressure area.)

Question 5

What is the difference between Active vs Passive Transport?

Answer 5

Active transport requires Energy

Question 6

What is an Isotonic environment?

Answer 6

A solution that does not cause osmotic flow of water in or out of a cell

Question 7

What happened to the cell in a hypotonic environment?

Answer 7

Cell gains water; solution has less solutes

Question 8

What happened to the cell in a hypertonic environment?

Answer 8

*Cell loses water; solution has more solutes

Question 9

Name the Active transport processes in the
cell.

Answer 9

Ion pumps
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Exocytosis

Question 10

Mitosis vs meiosis?

Answer 10

Mitosis occurs in nonreproductive cells.
Meiosis occurs in reproductive cells.