Chapter 3

Question 1

Fact

Answer 1

to exist or have existed; verified through many witnesses/experiments/results; real and true

Question 2

Data is not considered facts until

Answer 2

their existence or truth can be verified by reliable sources.

Question 3

Verification comes from

Answer 3

Observation, witness testimony, records, documentation, and testing.

Question 4

Are facts: inferences, opinions, and beliefs?

Answer 4

NOOOOO!!

Question 5

Are facts synoymous with truth?

Answer 5

NOOOO!!

Question 6

Fact cines from the latin —?

Answer 6

Factum, meaning a deed

Question 7

A fact is something known with certainty to ….?

Answer 7

exist or have existed.

Question 8

A fact can be verified through….?

Answer 8

experience, observation, testing, measurements, testimony and records.

Question 9

A fact is something that people can….?

Answer 9

generally agree is real and true.

Question 10

Data are not considered facts until their…?

Answer 10

existence or truth can be verified by reliable sources.

Question 11

Verification comes from

Answer 11

direct observation, witness testimony, records, documentation and testing.

Question 12

A fact is something actually exists,….?

Answer 12

known to exist and known from observation as well as something said to be true or alleged to have occurred.

Question 13

Words that describe things claimed to be facts but not yet verified =

Answer 13

information, claims, data, and raw data.

Question 14

Reality to be

Answer 14

relative and absolute

Question 15

Facts are not the equivalent of

Answer 15

truths or reality.

Question 16

Facts are our decisions

Answer 16

of what seems to be most real.

Question 17

Human beings needs facts because they need certainties…?

Answer 17

in order to proceed through he world.

Question 18

The most we say about any fact is that its certainty is..?

Answer 18

higher or lower in probability.

Question 19

Facts that are most useful to us are those that have been…?

Answer 19

repeatedly verified by many sources over time.

Question 20

Certainty in science is usually considered to be…?

Answer 20

a probability that is approaching certainty.

Question 21

For the advancement of humna knowledge and welfare, we need to…?

Answer 21

value the right tro continually reexamine whatever equations are made between reality, truth and facts.

Question 22

Feeling can deceive as well as…?

Answer 22

illuminate

Question 23

Apathy, anger, fear, envy and prejudice can..?

Answer 23

distort our perceptions and keep us from seeing things objectively.

Question 24

A subjective or unaware attitude might lead to only following what

Answer 24

feels most comfortable, dismissing the long-term consequences.

Question 25

Attitude can be

Answer 25

objective or subjective

Question 26

when we are studying art, we give attention to our feeling readctions, because they..?

Answer 26

aid us in better understanding a work's meaning.

Question 27

We we are subjective about feelings, we are unaware oh how they are influencing our...?

Answer 27

thoughts and decisions and can react blindly to their directives.

Question 28

Our need to have our perceptions verified by others...?

Answer 28

also makes us susceptible to manipulation.

Question 29

We only need to use our sense and perceptions to determine some facts. However, to be sure of their accuracy...?

Answer 29

we need confirmation from others.

Question 30

The test provided a significant demonstration of the power of consensus to bring about...?

Answer 30

conformity and to make a person invalidate his or her own perception.

Question 31

Both science and wisdom are needed to help us compensate for ....

Answer 31

the limitations of our senses.

Question 32

How we state a fact makes all the difference.

Answer 32

yuh

Question 33

Factual statements show an awareness of context and limitations. If a photo is being described...?

Answer 33

the writer does not pretend it is a life situation in which one can see all angles and ask questions.

Question 34

Factual statements use appropriate qualifiers to..?

Answer 34

indicate certainties.

Question 35

Factual statements state...?

Answer 35

the obvious.

Question 36

Factual statements show a disciplined effort to describe...?

Answer 36

what is present while restraining the impulse to jump to conclusions.

Question 37

Factual statements are not....

Answer 37

inappropriately cautious.

Question 38

Factual statements are not...

Answer 38

guesses.

Question 39

Factual statements provide specific details...

Answer 39

that others can verify.

Question 40

The standards we use to determine facts =

Answer 40

Verifiability, Reliability, Probability, Plausibility, Accuracy, and Currency