Chapter 3 Flashcards
(13 cards)
he defines culture as ‘’…that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities that culture is not behavior itself but the shared understanding that guide behavior and are expressed in behavior
British anthropologist Edward Tylor
the self is seen as autonomous and distinct in individual. Each person is defined as replica of all humanity but capable of acting independently from others.
egocentric view
the self is contingent on a situation or a social setting. This is the view of the self that is context-dependent which emphasizes that there is no intrinsic self that can possess enduring qualities
sociocentric view
that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities that culture is not behavior itself but the shared understanding that guide behavior and are expressed in behavior
culture
refers to the features of person’s identity that he or she chooses to emphasize in constructing social self.
The identity toolbox
a universal practice with numerous cross-cultural variations, establishes a child’s birthright and social identity
Personal naming
it usually involve ritual activities to prepare individuals for a new roles from one stage of life to another such as birth, poverty, marriage, having children, and death.
rites of passage
he believes that changes in one’s status and identity are marked by a three-phased rite passage: separation, liminality and incorporation.
Arnold van Gennep
people detach from their former identity to another. For example, in a wedding, the bride walking down the aisle to be ‘’given away’’ by the parents to the groom implies the separation from one’s family to become part of a new one.
separation phase
a person transition from one identity to another. For example, the wedding ceremony itself is the process of transition of the bride and groom from singlehood to married life.
liminality phase
the change in one’s status is officially incorporated. For example, the wedding reception and parties that celebrate the wedding serve as the markers that officially recognize the bride and groom’s change towards being husband and wife.
incorporation phase,
in order to attain __________, individuals have to overcome many obstacles such as traditionally established habits and externally imposed self-images.
self-identification
a system or inherited conceptions expressed in symbolic forms by means of which people communicate, perpetuate, and develop their knowledge about and attitudes towards life.
