Chapter 3 Flashcards
(21 cards)
social redefinition
the process through which an individual’s position or status is redefined by society
age of majority
the designated age at which an individual is recognized as an adult
statutory rape
sex between two individuals, even when it is consensual, when at least one of the persons is below the legal age of consent; in the United States, the specific age of consent varies from state to state
inventionists
theorists who argue that the period of adolescence is mainly a social invention
child protectionists
individuals who argued, early in the twentieth century, that adolescents needed to be kept out of the labor force in order to protect them from the hazards of the workplace
teenager
a term popularized about 50 years ago to refer to young people; it connoted a more frivolous and lighthearted image than did adolescent
youth
today, a term used to refer to individuals ages 18 to 22; it once referred to individuals ages 12 to 24
initiation ceremony
the formal induction of a young person into adulthood
status offense
a violation of the law that pertains to minors but not adults
juvenile justice system
a separate system of courts and related institutions developed to handle juvenile crime and delinquency
criminal justice system
the system of courts and related institutions developed to handle adult crime
cohort
a group of individuals born during the same general historical era
quinceañera
an elaborate sort of “coming-out” celebration for adolescent girls that is practiced in many Latinx communities
Bar (Bas) Mitzvah
in Judaism, the religious ceremony marking the young person’s transition to adulthood
scarification
the intentional creation of scars on some part or parts of the body, often done as part of an initiation ceremony
baby boom
the period following World War II, during which the number of infants born was extremely large
continuous transitions
passages into adulthood in which adult roles and statuses are entered into gradually
discontinuous transitions
passages into adulthood in which adult roles and statuses are entered into abruptly
subjective social status
where one believes he or she ranks socioeconomically (regardless of his or her actual socioeconomic class)
collective efficacy
a community’s social capital, derived from its members’ common values and goals
four F’s of limbic system
food, fear, fighting, sex
