Chapter 3 Flashcards
Solid
The state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume.
Liquid
The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape.
Gas
The state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
Kinetic Energy
The energy of an object has due to its motion.
Pressure
The result of a force distributed over an area.
Absolute Zero
A temperature of 0 kelvins.
Phase Change
A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.
Endothermic
A description of a change in which a system absorbs energy from its surrounding.
Heat of Fusion
The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid.
Exothermic
A description of a change in which a system releases energy to its surroundings.
Vaporization
The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas.
Heat of Vaporization
The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas.
Evaporation
The process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance’s boiling point.
Vapor Pressure
The pressure caused by the collisions of particles in a vapor with the walls of a container.
Condensation
The phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid.
