Chapter 3

Question 1

Art history is also called?

Answer 1

Art historiography

Question 2

___________ is the historical study of the visual arts, being concerned with identifying, classifying, describing, evaluating, interpreting, and understanding the art products and historic development of the fields of painting, sculpture, architecture, the decorative arts, drawing, printmaking, photography, inter
design.

Answer 2

Art history

Question 3

When was art history raised to the status of an academic discipline?

Answer 3

mid- 19th century

Question 4

Who is the individual that raised art history into an academic discipline?

Answer 4

Swiss Jacob Burckhardt

Question 5

Major 20th century art historians

Answer 5

1. Henri Focillan
2. Bernard Berenson
3. Abyb Wargbug
4. Emlie Male
5. Erwin Panofsky
6. Ernst Gombrich

Question 6

Succeeding generations of art historian

Answer 6

Michael Fried
Rosalind
Karuss
Donald Kuspit
Giselda Pollack

Question 7

The earliest form of art can be traced back to prehistoric times when our ancestors created cave paintings to depict their daily lives and rituals.

Answer 7

Prehistoric art

Question 8

Cave paintings are also known as?

Answer 8

parietal art

Question 9

These _____________ were created using simple tools such as animal bones, sticks, and charcoal and depicted images of animals, humans, and abstract symbols

Answer 9

cave paintings

Question 10

The oldest known cave painting is in Maltravieso Cave, Cáceres, Spain, and was said to be made by a Neanderthal.

Answer 10

red hand stencil

Question 11

Art refers to the artistic traditions of the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Greece, and Rome, which emerged around 3000 BCE and lasted until the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 CE.

Answer 11

Ancient Art

Question 12

Art in medieval period, which lasted from the 5th to the 15th century, was characterized by the rise of Christianity and the emergence of feudalism

Answer 12

Medieval Art

Question 13

What are the most famous examples of medieval art?

Answer 13

1. Book of Kells
2. The Gothic cathedrals of Europe
3. The tapestries of the Bayeux

Question 14

It was the period of artistic, cultural, and intellectual rebirth that emerged in Italy in the 14th century and spread throughout Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Answer 14

Renaissance

Question 15

The most famous Renaissance artists

Answer 15

1. Leonardo da Vinci
2. Michelangelo
3. Raphael

Question 16

He is known as ultimate renaissance man

Answer 16

Leonardo da Vinci

Question 17

Examples of Da Vinci artwork

Answer 17

1. Mona Lisa
2. The Virgins of the Rocks
3. The Last Supper

Question 18

In fine art, the term “Mannerism” (derived from the Italian word ‘maiera’ meaning style or stylishness) refers to a style of painting, sculpture and architecture that emerged in Rome and Florence between 1510 and 1520, during the later years of the high Renaissance

Answer 18

Mannerism Art

Question 19

He is one of the great masters of Mannerism

Answer 19

El Greco

Question 20

What is the named of El Greco’s painting

Answer 20

The Burial of the Count of Orgaz

Question 21

Art that was characterized by its dramatic and emotional style, as well as its use of ornate decoration and illusionistic techniques.

Answer 21

Baroque Art

Question 22

It was often used to glorify the Catholic Church and the absolute monarchies of Europe and was characterized by its grandeur, dynamism, and theatricality

Answer 22

Baroque Art

Question 23

Some of the most famous Baroque artists

Answer 23

1. Gian Lorenzo Bernini
2. Peter Paul Rubens
3. Diego Velázquez

Question 24

What is the name of the Baroque art by Gian Lorenzo Bernini?

Answer 24

Frescoed Vault of the Room of the Golden Age

Question 25

____________painting, which originated in early 18th century Paris, is characterize by soft colors and curvy lines, and depicts sense of love, nature, amorous encounters, light-hearted, entertainment, and youth.

Answer 25

Rococo art or painting

Question 26

The word” rococo” derives from__________, which is French for_____________

Answer 26

rocaille which means rubble or rock

Question 27

Best known for his Rococo-style painting like La Coquette fixee (The Fascinated Coquette), which depicts an amorous encounter between a female and two males.

Answer 27

Fragonard

Question 28

The Neoclassical movement emerged in Europe in the mid-18th century and lasted until the early 19th century. Art that was characterized by a return to the classical traditions of Ancient Greece and Rome and was marked by its simplicity, clarity, and rationality.

Answer 28

Neoclassical Art

Question 29

most famous Neoclassical artists

Answer 29

1. Jacques-Louis David 2. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres 3. Antonio Canova.

Question 30

A neoclassical art by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

Answer 30

Oedipus and the Sphinx

Question 31

The Romantic movement emerged in Europe in the late 18th century and lasted until the mid-19th century. Romanticism was characterized by a focus on emotion, imagination, and individualism, as well as a rejection of classical traditions and the Enlightenment.

Answer 31

Romanticism

Question 32

most famous Romantic artists

Answer 32

1. Caspar David Friedrich 2. Eugène Delacroix 3. William Blake.

Question 33

The term ____________ was promoted by the French novelist Champfleury during the 1840’s, although it began in earnest in 1855. The style of realist painting spread to almost all genres, including history painting, portraits, genre painting, and landscapes.

Answer 33

Realism

Question 34

Examples of Realism art

Answer 34

1. Harvesters Resting and the Gleaners by Jean-Francois Mill 2. Stone Breakers by Gustave Courbet

Question 35

Emerged in France in the mid-19th century and lasted until the early 20th century. Can be considered the first distinctly modern movement in painting. Impressionism was characterized by its focus on capturing the fleeting impressions of light and colour in the natural world and was marked by its loose brushwork and vivid, luminous colours

Answer 35

Impressionism

Question 36

Example of impression art by Claude Monet

Answer 36

Garden at Sainte-Adresse

Question 37

_____________was both an artistic and a literary movement that suggested ideas through symbols and emphasized the meaning behind the forms, lines, shapes, and colors

Answer 37

Symbolism

Question 38

An offshoot of the literary Symbolism that influenced visual art was the field of art criticism, particularly that of Albert Aurier

Answer 38

Symbolist Theory and Albert Aurier

Question 39

Example of symbolist art by James Ensor

Answer 39

Death and Mask

Question 40

Art that is characterized by its use of a long, sinuous, organic line and was employed most often in architecture, interior design, jewelry and glass design, posters, and illustration. Art Nouveau developed first in England and soon spread to the European continent, where it was called Jugendstil in Germany, Sezessionstil in Austria, Stile Floreale (Stile Liberty) in Italy, and Modernismo (Modernista) in Spain.

Answer 40

Art Nouveau

Question 41

Example of Art Nouveau by Alphonse Mucha

Answer 41

Art Nouveau Poster

Question 42

The two greatest graphic artists of the Art Nouveau movement

Answer 42

1. French lithographer Jules Cheret 2. Czech lithographer and designer Alphonse Mucha

Question 43

Style of painting that flourished in France around the turn of the 20th century. Fauve artists used pure, brilliant color aggressively applied straight from the paint tubes to create a sense of an explosion on the canvas

Answer 43

Fauvism

Question 44

The characteristics of __________ include: a radical use of unnatural colors that separated color from its usual representational and realistic role, giving new, emotional meaning to the colors; creating a strong unified work that appears flat on the canvas;

Answer 44

Fauvism

Question 45

Example of Fauvism art by Henri MatisSe

Answer 45

Woman with the Hat

Question 46

An artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse within a person In a broader sense Expressionism is one of the main currents of art in the later 19th and the 20th centuries, and its qualities of highly subjective, personal, spontaneous self-expression are typical of a wide range of modern artists and art movements.

Answer 46

Expressionism

Question 47

Examples of expressionism art

Answer 47

1. The Scream by Edvard Munch 2. Large Blue Horses by Franz Marc

Question 48

Seven most famous expressionist artist

Answer 48

1. Max Beckman 2. James Ensor 3. Oskar Kokoschka 4. August Macke 5. Franz Marc 6. Edvard Munch 7. Egon Schiele

Question 48

A truly revolutionary style of modern art developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. The Cubist style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional surface of the picture plane, rejecting the traditional techniques of perspectives, foreshortening, modeling, and chiaroscuro, and refuting time-honored theories that art should imitate nature.

Answer 48

Cubism

Question 49

Example of Cubism art

Answer 49

Head of a Woman by Pablo Picasso

Question 50

An early 20th-century artistic movement centered in Italy, emphasized the dynamism, speed, energy, and power of the machine and the vitality, change, and restlessness of modern life.

Answer 50

Futurism

Question 51

An artistic and literary movement that began in Zurich, Switzerland. Influenced by other avant garde movements-Cubism, Futurism, Constructivism, and Expressionism-its output was wildly diverse, ranging from performance art to poetry, photography, sculpture, painting, and collage.

Answer 51

Dadaism

Question 52

Example of Dadaism art

Answer 52

Hannah Hoch (1889-1978 )’ Incision With The Dada Kitchen Knife Through Germany’s Last Weimar Beer Belly Cultural Epoch’ 1920 (Collage)

Question 53

Example of surrealism

Answer 53

Collage Poetry by Andre Breton

Question 53

The movement that started in Europe in the 1920’s. It is defined as Psychic automatism in its pure state by which we propose to express – verbally, in writing, or any other manner – the real process of thought. Surrealism was first the work of poets and writers.

Answer 53

Surrealism

Question 53

Russian artist and architectural movement was first influenced by Cubism and Futurism, is generally considered to have been initiated in 1913 with the “painting reliefs” – abstract geometric constructions – of Vladimir Tatlin. It is a from manifesto that the name ‘Constructivism’ was derived; one of the directives that it contained was “ to construct” art.

Answer 53

Constructivism

Question 54

Example of constructivism art

Answer 54

Ozonator by Ivan Kliun

Question 55

An art movement that developed in the United States in the late 1950s and reached its peak in the mid to late 1960s. It is also sometimes called Minimalist Art or ABC Art because it focuses on basic elements.

Answer 55

Minimalism

Question 56

A reaction to the most prominent style of art pursued in the 1950s Abstract Expressionism, in which the art conveyed multiple meanings of intense emotion, ideas, feelings and was sometimes created spontaneous or unplanned ways.

Answer 56

Minimalism

Question 57

Example of minimalism art

Answer 57

Frank Stella, The Marriage of Reason and Squalor II, 1959 (Black Painting)

Question 58

A modern form of contemporary art which gives priority to an idea presented by visual means that are themselves secondary to the idea. It is characterized by its use of text, as well as imagery, along with a variety of ephemeral, typically everyday materials and “found objects".

Answer 58

Conceptual Art

Question 59

most famous examples of Conceptual Art

Answer 59

‘Portrait of Iris Clert’ by Robert Rauschenberg

Question 60

Also called Super-realism is an American art movement that began in the 1960s, taking photography as its inspiration

Answer 60

Photo-Realism

Question 61

Example of Photo-realism art

Answer 61

1. Dinner by John Baeder 2. Energy Apples by Audrey Flack

Question 62

art ranges from the very simple to the very complex. It can be gallery based, computer-based, electronic based, web-based – the possibilities are limitless and depend entirely upon the artist’s concepts and aims.

Answer 62

Installation Art

Question 62

Art developed in the 20th century, is the term for works, room-sized or larger, in which the whole space is considered a single unified artwork

Answer 62

Installation Art

Question 63

is a pioneer of installation art in the Philippines, and was mentored by Napoleon Abueva, the "father" of modern Philippine sculpture. Reference:

Answer 63

Luis E. Yee, Jr