Chapter 3

Question 1

neonate

Answer 1

a baby with ages up to one month

Question 2

root

Answer 2

an instinctive search for the breast

Question 3

primitive reflexes

Answer 3

automatic responses to stimuli

Question 4

apgar score

Answer 4

a measurement of vital signs in newborn babies

Question 5

congenital

Answer 5

anything present at birth

Question 6

lanugo

Answer 6

a soft , downy hair covering the skin in the womb

Question 7

mila

Answer 7

tiny white spots that soon go away

Question 8

vernix caseos

Answer 8

a creamy substance that protects the skin in the womb

Question 9

pre-term

Answer 9

a baby born before 37 weeks gestation

Question 10

gestation

Answer 10

the time a baby spends developing in the womb, usually 40 weeks

Question 11

full term

Answer 11

a baby born at around 40 weeks

Question 12

small-for-dates

Answer 12

a baby born full term but lighter than average

Question 13

colic

Answer 13

a painful condition in the gut. It tends to occur at the same time each day and can go on for several months

Question 14

SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome)

Answer 14

when a baby suddenly dies for no apparent reason

Question 15

growth

Answer 15

a gradual increase in size

Question 16

development

Answer 16

increasing abilities, skills and understanding

Question 17

percentile charts

Answer 17

charts used by health professionals to monitor a child’s development

Question 18

developmental milestones

Answer 18

the stages of which all children pass through in a similar sequence

Question 19

growth curve

Answer 19

the line showing how an individual child’s measurements (height,weight,etc.)are developing

Question 20

developmental testing

Answer 20

checks made on babies and young children at specific ages to monitor progress and see that they are developing as expected

Question 21

gender

Answer 21

male or female

Question 22

gross motor skills

Answer 22

skills involving large gestures and movements e.g. walking, running, hopping, jumping, bending, stretching, balancing.

Question 23

fine motor skills

Answer 23

skills which involve using hands, fingers and thumbs to pick up, hold and manipulate

Question 24

sensory development

Answer 24

the use of the body’s five main senses to explore and learn

Question 25

interdependent

Answer 25

where different things rely upon each other to succeed

Question 26

involuntary reflex actions

Answer 26

automatic responses, seen in babies in the earliest days and weeks

Question 27

head lag

Answer 27

Inability to support the weight

Question 28

balance

Answer 28

moving in a controlled manner

Question 29

coordination

Answer 29

being able to plan, combine and control a sequence of movements

Question 30

spatial awareness

Answer 30

appreciation of the size of space around so that it can be used accurately

Question 31

palmar grasp

Answer 31

a reflex action in which a baby’s hand grabs everything that it touches

Question 32

pincer grasp

Answer 32

the use of index finger and thumb to hold something

Question 33

primitive grasp

Answer 33

a clumsy grasp of crayons etc.

Question 34

hand-eye coordination

Answer 34

using vision to help control actions and to support the manipulation of objects which the child has planned or intended

Question 35

tripod grasp

Answer 35

adult grip of a pencil to control it

Question 36

sensory mouthing

Answer 36

using the mouth to explore (touch, taste, smell, feel) objects

Question 37

object permanence

Answer 37

understanding that something exists even when it can no longer be seen

Question 38

accident

Answer 38

an unexpected incident that causes damage or injury

Question 39

risk assesment

Answer 39

a check of the possible dangers in an environment and the resources

Question 40

accident prevention

Answer 40

taking precautions to avoid accidents e.g. using safety equipment such as stair gates and window catches

Question 41

convulsion

Answer 41

violent shaking or spasm

Question 42

good hygiene practice

Answer 42

careful hand washing before handling food and after nappy changing sneezing or going to the toilet

Question 43

personal care

Answer 43

keeping one’s own body generally clean by good hand washing, bathing, hair and nail-care, etc

Question 44

cross infection

Answer 44

the passing of germs from one person to another