Chapter 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What groups of people were profoundly affected by John Calvin?
New England Puritans, Scottish Presbyterians, French Huguenots, and Communicants of the Dutch reformed church
What were the general areas of differences between colonists in both the North and the South?
They established different patterns of settlement, different economics, different political systems, and even a different set of values-defining distinctive regional characteristics that would persist for generations
Define Predestination
Since the first moment of creation, some souls, the elect, had been destined for eternal bliss and others for eternal torment. Good works could not save those whom predestination had marked for the infernal fires.
Define Conversion
They constantly sought in themselves and others, signs of conversion, or the receipt of gods free gift of saving grace. They thought this was an intense, identifiable, personal evidence in which God revealed to the elect their heavenly destiny.
Define Antinomianism
The belief that the elect need not obey the law of God or man, (because you’re already going to heaven no matter what you do so what’s the point?) Most notably mentioned in the colonies of Anne Hutchinson
In the Puritan doctrine, what does the term “elect” refer?
Visible saints
Why did King James I oppose the separatists who wanted to break away entirely from the Church of England?
Appalled by this unholy fraternizing, a tiny group of dedicated Puritans, known as Seperatists, vowed to break away entirely from the Church of England.
(King James)He quickly perceived that if his subjects could defy him as their spiritual leader they might one day defy him as their political leader
Define Mayflower Compact
Mayflower Compact- before the disembarking, the pilgrim leaders drew up and witnessed the brief mayflower compact. although setting an invaluable precedent for later written constitutions, this document was not a constitution at all. It was a simple agreement to form a crude government and to submit to the will of the majority under the regulations agreed upon. 1620
Define General Court
A Puritan representative assembly elected by the freemen; they assisted the governor; this was the early form of Puritan democracy in the 1600’s
Define Fundamental Orders
In Conneticut, established a regime democratically controlled by the “substantial” citizens
How were the separatists different from the Puritans?
Unlike the separatists the puritans remained members of the Church of England.
What did dissenter Anne Hutchinson believe about those who were truly saved?
She claimed that a holy life was no sure sign of salvation and that the truly saved need not bother to obey the law of either God or man. This assertion, known as antinomianisn was high heresy.
What was the fate of Anne Hutchinson and her family?
She was killed by native Americans with her family in Rhode Island
What did Roger Williams’s beliefs include?
Breaking away from the Church of England, condemning the taking of Indian land without fair compensation, denying the authority of the civil government to regulate religious matters, challenging the legality of Massachusetts Bays charter.
As the founder of Rhode Island, what did Roger Williams establish?
Complete freedom of religions even for Jews and Catholics
For what was Rhode Island known as a colony?
For being strongly individualistic and strongly dependent
What did the document known as the Fundamental Orders establish?
Established a regime controlled by the “substantial” citizens
What were the results of King Philip’s war?
The lasting defeat of new England’s Indians, the death of hundreds of colonists and many more Indians, the destruction of 12 Puritan towns, the beheading of wopanoa town and the sale of his wife and son into slavery
What was the New England Confederation?
Primary purpose of the confederation was defense against foes or potential foes, notably the Indians, the French, and the Dutch.
Why did the English government create the Dominion of New England, and what territories did it include?
It was created by the English government to streamline the administration of its colonies, get everything more organized
Designed to bolster colonial defense, and included all the New England
And eventually included New York, and east and west New Jersey
What was the result of England’s Glorious Revolution in the American colonies?
The dominion of New England collapsed.
What was one of the traits that made Quakers unpopular in England?
Their refusal to do military service
For what were all the middle colonies notable?
Unusual degree of democratic control
