Chapter 7 Flashcards
(42 cards)
When it came to the Revolution, what could be said about the American colonists?
That they were reluctant revolutionaries
How did change in colonial policy by the British government help precipitate the American Revolution?
It compelled the American colonists to shoulder some of the financial costs of the empire
To what models did the Republicans look for examples of a just society?
Greece and Rome
What did the radical Whigs fear?
They were afraid of the arbitrary power of the monarchy
What did mercantilists believe?
A countries economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold and silver in its treasury
Under mercantilist doctrine, what were the American colonies expected to do?
They were expected to supply the Britain with products such as tobacco, sugar, and ship masts, to furnish ships, sailors, and trade to bolster the strength of the Royal Navy, provide a market for British manufactured goods, to refrain from exporting woolen cloth.
What were the first Navigation laws designed to do?
They were designed to eliminate Dutch shippers from the American carrying trade
Under the mercantilist system, what did the British government reserve the right to do regarding the American colonies?
They reserved the right to restrict the passage of Lax bankruptcy laws, nullify any colonial legislation deemed bad for the mercantilist system, restrained the colonies from printing paper currency, enumerate products that must be shipped to Britain.
Why did the American colonists dislike the mercantile system despite its benefits?
It made them feel used and kept them in a state of perpetual economic adolescence.
Why were the Navigation Laws and mercantilist system a burden to certain colonists?
They stifled economic initiative
What were direct benefits reaped by the Americans from the mercantile system of Britain?
London paid high prices for shipped parts to american producers, Virginia tobacco planters enjoyed a monopoly in the British market, they have the protection of the worlds most powerful navy and army without a penny of cost, some British merchants were not allowed to compete with the American colonial merchants
Who was George Grenville?
Became prime minister of England after the French and Indian war in 1763. He initiated a new relationship between Britain and it’s new american colonies when he assumed charge of colonial policy.
What was the first law ever passed by Parliament for raising tax revenues in the colonies for the crown?
The sugar act of 1764
Why did the British Parliament pass the Stamp Act?
They passed it to raise money to support new military forces needed for colonial defense
Why did the colonists object to the Stamp Act?
Because parliament passed the act not the colonists
How did the colonists respond to Grenville’s various acts?
They considered the stamp act as well as other acts as a sign of fiscal aggression and that it was the British government treating them as if they were not British citizens. They protested paying any duties required by the acts in an effort to force their repeal. They rejected the need to fund a British army in the colonies. They feared the real reason for a British army was to keep the colonists in line.
What did the Quartering Act require that colonists do?
It required that they provide food and housing for the British army.
When the colonists shouted “No taxation without representation” what power were they denying that Parliament had?
The power to levy revenue raising taxes on the colonies
How did women support protests against the Stamp Act?
They assembled in public to hold spinning bees
What does virtual representation mean?
Every member of parliament represented all British subjects everywhere
How did the colonists respond to the hated Stamp act?
They convened a colonial congress to request repeal of the act, they boycotted British goods, there was violence in several colonial towns, they wore woolen clothes made with colonial textiles
Why did the colonists take the Townshend Acts less seriously than the Stamp Act?
Because the taxes were light and indirect
Who were Samuel Adams, John Adams, and Crispus Attucks?
Samuel Adams was a pamphleteer who first organized committees to exchange ideas and information on resisting British policy, John Adams was a politician who opposed the moderates solution to the imperial crisis at the first continental congress was a defense attorney for congress, Crispus Attucks was the first casualty of the boston massacre
Why was the tax on tea retained when the Townshend Acts were repealed?
It kept alive the principal of parliamentary taxation
