Chapter 3

Question 1

Define pathogenesis

Answer 1

the sequence of events that occur during the development of a disease or abnormal condition

Question 2

Define periodontal disease

Answer 2

inflammation of the periodontium

Question 3

Contrast periodontal disease with periodontitis

Answer 3

periodontitis is one of the two categories of periodontal disease; the other is gingivitis

Question 4

Define periodontisis

Answer 4

bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, bone, and cementum

Question 5

Define gingivitis

Answer 5

bacterial infection that is confined to the gingiva; type of periodontal disease characterized by changes in the color, contour, and consistency of gingival tissues

Question 6

Periodontium, clinical and histologic, in Health

Answer 6

Pink; gingival margin - scalloped, above (coronal to) CEJ; papillae - firm, occupy embrasures apical to contact areas; no BOP; probing depths from 1-3 mm.
JE firmly attached by hemidesmosomes to enamel coronal to CEJ; epi-conn tissue jct - no epithelial ridges; gingival fibers intact; alveolar bone intact and 2-3 mm below (apical to) JE; PDL fibers intact; cementum is normal

Question 7

Periodontium, clinical and histologic, in Gingivitis

Answer 7

Red or reddish blue; GM - swollen and loses knife-edge and even more coronal to CEJ; papillae - bulbous and swollen; BOP on gentle probing; probing depths 3+ mm and NO apical migration of junctional epithelium.
Still attached by hemidesmosomes; epi-conn tissue jct - extends epithelial ridges down into the connective tissue (wavy) from destruction of gingival fibers; alveolar bone intact; PDL fibers intact; cementum is normal ** REVERSIBLE

Question 8

Periodontium, clinical and histologic, in Periodontitis

Answer 8

spongy tissue (edematous) bluish- or purplish red with smooth, shiny appearance OR light pink with leathery consistency (fibrotic tissue); GM - swollen or fibrotic, no knife-edge; recession; Interdental papillae -

Question 9

Acute gingivitis vs Chronic gingivitis

Answer 9

lasts for a short period of time vs for months or years; some fluid in gingival connective tissues, swollen and red gingiva vs formation of new collagen fibers, enlarged and leathery tissues, concealed redness from fibrosis

Question 10

Periodontitis, characteristics

Answer 10

apical migration of JE; loss of connective tissue attachment; loss of alveolar bone; ** PERMANENT