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Neuropsychology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater

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2
Q

CNS support and protection

A

Skull
Meninges
Subarachnoid space

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3
Q

Two _____ and two _____ supply blood to the brain.

A

carotid arteries

vertebral arteries

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4
Q

The carotid and vertebral arteries connect at the base of the brain and branch off into the _____, _____ and _____ cerebral arteries.

A

anterior
middle
posterior

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5
Q

The anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to the _____ and _____ lobes.

A

frontal

parietal

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6
Q

The middle cerebral artery supplies blood to the _____ lobe.

A

temporal

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7
Q

The posterior cerebral artery supplies blood to the _____ lobe.

A

occipital

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8
Q

Sensory neurons include _____ and _____ neurons.

A

bipolar

somatosensory

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9
Q

Types of neurons (3):

A

Sensory neurons
Interneuron
Motor neuron

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10
Q

Interneurons associate _____ and _____ activity in the CNS.

A

sensory

motor

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11
Q

Interneurons include _____, _____ and _____.

A 
Stellate cell (thalamus)
Pyramidal cell (cortex)
Purkinje cell (cerebellum)
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12
Q

Types of glial cells (5):

A 
Ependymal
Astrocyte
Microglial
Oligodendroglial
Schwann
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13
Q

Reticular matter is composed of _____.

A

Gray and White matter

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14
Q

A ventricle is a _____.

A

hollow pocket within the brain filled with CSF.

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15
Q

There are _____ ventricles.

A

4

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16
Q

There are two _____ ventricles.

A

lateral

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17
Q

The third and fourth ventricles extend into the _____ and _____.

A

brainstem

spinal cord

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18
Q

Regions of the brainstem (3):

A

Hindbrain
Midbrain
Diencephalon

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19
Q

The hindbrain inclues the _____, _____, _____, and _____.

A

pons
reticular formation
medulla
cerebellum

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20
Q

The midbrain includes the _____, _____, _____, _____ and _____.

A 
tectum
tegmentum
red nucleus
substania nigra
periacqueductal gray matter
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21
Q

The diencephalon includes the _____, _____ and _____.

A

hypothalamus
epithalamus
thalamus

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22
Q

The tectum gathers sensory input from the _____ and _____.

A

eyes

ears

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23
Q

The superior colliculi receives input from the _____.

A

eyes

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24
Q

The inferior colliculi receives input from the _____.

A

ears

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25
Colliculi mediate orientation of _____ to _____.
movement | sensory input
26
The three main structures of the forebrain are the _____, _____ and _____.
basal ganglia limbic system cerebral cortex
27
The basal ganglia is comprised of the _____, _____ and _____.
putamen caudate globus pallidus
28
Diseases of the basal ganglia include _____, _____ and _____.
Huntington's Chorea Parkinson's Disease Tourette's Syndrome
29
Huntington's Chorea is a _____ that results in cell death in the _____ and _____.
genetic disorder basal ganglia involuntary movements
30
Parkinson's Disease is the result of the death of the _____, leading to _____ and _____.
projection from the substantia nigra to the basal ganglia tremors rigid movement
31
Basal ganglia diseases are disorders of _____, not _____.
controlling movement | producing movement
32
The limbic system is comprised of the _____, _____, _____ and _____.
amygdala hippocampus septum cingulate cortex
33
The cerebral cortex has _____ layers.
6
34
The cerebral cortex comprises _____% of the human brain.
80
35
Techniques of cortical organization:
Projection maps | Cytoarchitectonic maps
36
Frontal lobe function
motor
37
parietal lobe function
body senses
38
temporal lobe function
auditory
39
occipital lobe function
visual
40
Secondary areas are _____ and _____ primary areas.
adjacent to | receive input from
41
Secondary areas are engaged in _____ or _____.
interpreting sensory input | organizing movement
42
Tertiary areas are located _____.
between secondary areas.
43
Tertiary areas mediate _____.
complex activities.
44
The spinal cord receives fibers from _____.
afferent sensory receptors
45
The spinal cord sends _____ to control muscles.
efferent fibers
46
There are 30 spinal cord segments divided into __ regions called _____.
5 | dermatomes
47
Stimulation of pain receptors causes the spinal cord to perform _____.
flexion
48
Fibers entering the dorsal root bring _____.
sensory information from sensory receptors
49
Fibers leaving the ventral root carry _____.
motor information to the muscles.
50
Collateral branches of sensory neurons in the spinal cord may cross to the other side and _____.
influence motor neurons there
51
Cranial nerves can have both _____ or _____ functions.
afferent | efferent
52
Olfactory cranial nerve function
smell (s)
53
Optic cranial nerve function
vision (s)
54
Oculomotor cranial nerve function
lateral eye movement eyelid movement reaction to light (m)
55
Trochlear cranial nerve function
``` eye movement (up/down) (m) ```
56
Trigeminal cranial nerve function
masticatory movements | s,m
57
Abducens cranial nerve function
lateral eye movement | m
58
Auditory vestibular cranial nerve function
hearing (s)
59
Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve function
tongue and pharynx | s,m
60
Vagus cranial nerve function
heart, bloodvessels, ciscera, movement of larynx and pharynx (s,m)
61
Spinal accessory cranial nerve
neck muscles and viscera | m
62
Hypoglossal cranial nerve function
tongue muscles (m)
63
facial cranial nerve function
facial movement (s,m)
64
Stimulation of fine touch results in _____.
extension
65
There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves.
12
66
Bell-Magendie law
The dorsal part of the spinal cord is sensory and the ventral part is motor.
67
The somatic nervous system is comprised of _____ and _____ nerves.
cranial | spinal
68
The autonomic nervous system is comprised of a _____ and _____ division.
sympathetic | parasympathetic

Neuropsychology (5 decks)

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