Chapter 3

Question 0

An unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-related event in a particular population

Answer 0

Epidemic

Question 1

The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specialized populations

Answer 1

Epidemiology

Question 2

A disease that occurs regularly in a population as a matter of course

Answer 2

Endemic Disease

Question 3

One who practices epidemiology

Answer 3

Epidemiologist

Question 4

An outbreak of disease over a wide geographical area such as a continent

Answer 4

Pandemic

Question 5

People afflicted with a disease

Answer 5

Cases

Question 6

The number of events that occur in a given population in a given period of time

Answer 6

Rate

Question 7

The number of live births divided by the total population

Answer 7

Natality Rate

Question 8

The rate of illness in a population

Answer 8

Morbidity Rate

Question 9

The number of deaths in a population divided by the total population

Answer 9

Mortality Rate

Question 10

Those in the population who are susceptible to a particular disease or condition

Answer 10

Population at Risk

Question 11

The number of new health-related events or cases of a disease in a population exposed to that risk during a particular period of time, divided by the total number in that same population

Answer 11

Incidence Rate

Question 12

A disease that lasts three months or less

Answer 12

Acute Disease

Question 13

The number of new and old cases of a disease in a population in a given period of time, divided by the total number in that population

Answer 13

Prevalence Rate

Question 14

A disease or health condition that lasts longer than three months

Answer 14

Chronic Disease

Question 15

An incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak and expressed as a percentage

Answer 15

Attack Rate

Question 16

A rate in which the denominator includes the total population

Answer 16

Crude Rate

Question 17

The number of live births per 1,000 in a population in a given period of time

Answer 17

Crude Birth Rate

Question 18

The number of deaths (from all causes) per 1,000 in a population in a given period of time

Answer 18

Crude Death Rate

Question 19

Rate used to make comparisons of relative risks across groups and over time when groups differ in age structure

Answer 19

Age-adjusted Rate

Question 20

A rate that measures morbidity or mortality for particular populations or diseases

Answer 20

Specific Rate

Question 21

The death rate due to a particular disease

Answer 21

Cause-specific mortality rate

Question 22

The percentage of cases of a particular disease that result in death

Answer 22

Case Fatality Rate

Question 23

The percentage of overall morality in a population that is attributable to a particular cause

Answer 23

Proportionate Mortality Ratio

Question 24

Infectious disease for which health officials request or require reporting for public health reasons

Answer 24

Notifiable Diseases

Question 25

The electronic reporting system used by state health departments and the CDC

Answer 25

National Electronic Telecommunications System

Question 26

The average number if years a person from a specific cohort is projected to live from a given point in time

Answer 26

Life Expectancy

Question 27

The number of years lost when death occurs before the age of 65 or 75

Answer 27

Years of Potential Life Lost

Question 28

A measure for the burden of disease that takes into account premature death and loss of healthy life resulting from disability

Answer 28

Disability-Adjusted Life Years

Question 29

The number of years of healthy life expected, on average, in a given population

Answer 29

Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy

Question 30

The enumeration of the population of the United States that is conducted every 10 years

Answer 30

U.S. Census

Question 31

Statistical summaries of records of major life events such as births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and infant deaths

Answer 31

Vital Statistics

Question 32

An epidemiological study that describes an epidemic with respect to person, place, and time

Answer 32

Descriptive Study

Question 33

A graphic display of the cases of disease according to the time or date of onset symptoms

Answer 33

Epidemic Curve

Question 34

An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases that all can be traced to a single source of exposure

Answer 34

Point Source Epidemic Curve

Question 35

The period between exposure to a disease and the onset of symptoms

Answer 35

Incubation Period

Question 36

An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases traceable to multiple sources of exposure

Answer 36

Propagated Epidemic Curve

Question 37

An epidemiological study aimed at testing hypothesis

Answer 37

Analytic Study

Question 38

Factors that increase the probability of disease, injury, or death

Answer 38

Risk Factors

Question 39

An analytic, epidemiological study in which the investigator observes the natural course of events, noting exposed and unexposed subjects and disease development

Answer 39

Observational Study

Question 40

A study that seeks to compare those diagnosed with a disease with those who do mot have the disease for prior exposure to specific risk factors

Answer 40

Case / Control Study

Question 41

An epidemiological study in which a cohort is classified by exposure to one or more specific risk factors and observed to determine the rates at which disease develops in each class

Answer 41

Cohort Study

Question 42

A group of people who share some important demographic characteristic (year of birth for example)

Answer 42

Cohort

Question 43

A probability statement about the association between a particular disease and a specific risk factor, resulting from a case / control study

Answer 43

Odds Ratio

Question 44

A statement of the relationship between the risk of acquiring a disease when a specific risk factor is present and the risk of acquiring the same disease when the risk factor is absent

Answer 44

Relative Risk

Question 45

Analytic studies In which the investigator allocates exposure or intervention and follows development or disease

Answer 45

Experimental (interventional) studies

Question 46

A blank treatment

Answer 46

Placebo

Question 47

5 Leading Causes of Death

Answer 47

Heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, stroke, unintentional injuries