chapter 3

Question 0

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 0

the interdisciplinary study of the brain and the activity linked with cognition. (brain&thought)

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

our awareness of ourselves and our environment. (

Question 2

dual processing

Answer 2

the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks. (aware and unaware)

Question 3

selective attention

Answer 3

the focusing of conscious awareness in a particular stimulus (focused on 1 thing )

Question 4

inattentional blindness

Answer 4

failure to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. (gorilla)

Question 5

change blindness

Answer 5

failing to notice changes in the environment (environment changes)

Question 6

circadian rhythm

Answer 6

the biological clock(⏰⌛️)

Question 7

REM sleep

Answer 7

rapid eye movement. a reoccurring sleep stage during which dreams occur. (dreams)

Question 8

alpha waves

Answer 8

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state (

Question 9

sleep

Answer 9

periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness- a distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma of hibernation (

Question 10

hallucinations

Answer 10

false sensory experiences, suck as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. (

Question 11

delta waves

Answer 11

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

Question 12

insomnia

Answer 12

reoccurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Question 13

narcolepsy

Answer 13

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks

Question 14

sleep apnea

Answer 14

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Question 15

night terrors

Answer 15

a sleep disorder characterizes by high arousal and appearance of being terrified. (not nightmares )

Question 16

dream

Answer 16

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind. hallucinatory, discontinuities, incongruities

Question 17

manifest content

Answer 17

a remembers story line of a dream

Question 18

latent content

Answer 18

the underlying meaning of a dream

Question 19

REM rebound

Answer 19

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation.

Question 20

hypnosis

Answer 20

a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thought or behaviors will spontaneously occur.

Question 21

posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 21

a suggestion made during a hypnosis session to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized.

Question 22

dissociation

Answer 22

a split in consciousness which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously.

Question 23

psychoactive drug

Answer 23

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.

Question 24

tolerance

Answer 24

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger spears before experiencing the drugs effect.

Question 25

withdrawal

Answer 25

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug.

Question 26

physical dependence

Answer 26

a psychological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal summations

Question 27

psychosocial dependence

Answer 27

a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions.

Question 28

addiction

Answer 28

compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences.

Question 29

depressant

Answer 29

drugs such as alcohol barbiturates and opiates that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.

Question 30

barbiturates

Answer 30

drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment

Question 31

opiates

Answer 31

opium and its derivatives such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.

Question 32

stimulants

Answer 32

drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine and the more powerful amphetamines cocaine and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

Question 33

amphetamines

Answer 33

drugs that stimulate neural activity causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 34

methamphetamine

Answer 34

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes over time appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

Question 35

Ecstasy

Answer 35

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen produces euphoria and social intimacy but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognition

Question 36

hallucinogens

Answer 36

psychedelic drugs such as LSD that distort perceptions and invoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Question 37

LSD

Answer 37

A powerful hallucinogenic drug also known as acid

Question 38

THC

Answer 38

The major active ingredient in marijuana triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations

Question 39

near death experience

Answer 39

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death