Chapter 3-4 -- Notes Flashcards
Define isotherm
A line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature.
How do you find the annual temperature range?
The annual temperature range is computed by finding the difference between the warmest and coldest monthly mean temperatures.
Define temperature gradient
The amount of temperature change per unit of distance.
List temperature controls other then the differences in the receipt of solar radiation.
Differential heating of land and water, ocean currents, altitude, geographical position, cloud cover, and albedo.
What do you call factors that cause temperatures to vary from place to place and from time to time?
The controls of temperature.
True or false: water heats more rapidly and to higher temperatures than land, and it cools more rapidly and to lower temperatures than land.
False. Land heats more rapidly and to higher temperatures than water, and it cools more rapidly and to lower temperatures than water. (see pages 69 thru 71).
What percentage of the earth’s heat transfer is caused by the ocean currents?
25%, the other 75% is caused by the winds.
Define specific heat
The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of substance 1°C.
Define the lag of the maximum.
The delay in the occurrence of the maximum temperature until mid to late afternoon.
What is the fluid in a minimum thermometer? What is the fluid in a maximum thermometer?
Alcohol, mercury.
What causes the lag of the maximum?
Go to pages 80 - 81.
What are the formulas for the Celsius to Fahrenheit relationships?
°F = (1.8 X °C) + 32 or °C = (°F - 32)/ 8
Define a radiation inversion.
What time is this most fully developed?
When the temperature increases with height. This requires the surface temperature to be colder than the air temperature
Near sunrise when the surface temperature is at its lowest.
What are the formulas for the Celsius to Kelvin relationships?
°C = K - 273 or °K = °C + 273
