Chapter 3-4 Quiz

Question 1

Newton I

Answer 1

Law of Inertia

Question 2

Newton II

Answer 2

Law of Acceleration

Question 3

Newton III

Answer 3

Law of Action/Reaction (sprinter applying force against blocks in start)

Question 4

What forces work to slow an athlete down?

Answer 4

Friction, gravity, and air resistance.

Question 5

Acceleration of Body Mass

Answer 5

proportional to muscular force applied

Question 6

Force =?

Answer 6

Mass * Acceleration

Question 7

Momentum

Answer 7

Quantity of motion that occurs. Quantity of momentum depends on how much mass and how heavy the athlete is.

Question 8

Momentum =?

Answer 8

Mass * Velocity

Question 9

Impulse

Answer 9

application of muscular force to an object over time. Depends on physical capabilities of the athlete. Strong and flexible means more force over greater range of motion (javelin throw).

Question 10

Cadence

Answer 10

rhythmic and cyclic motion of sports skill (rowing, sprinting, speed skating.

Question 11

Impulse to slow down and stop

Answer 11

friction/air resistance
reaction force of the group slows athlete down
enlarge area of impact

Question 12

Mechanical Work

Answer 12

to apply force over a particular distance. If the object doesn’t move, no work is being done.

Question 13

Power

Answer 13

amount of work done over a particular period. P = W/T

Question 14

Power units

Answer 14

1 horsepower = moving 550 lbs 1 ft in one second. 1 horsepower = 745.7 watts

Question 15

Energy (joules)

Answer 15

the ability to do work. to apply force over a distance against resistance.

Question 16

Mechanical Energy 3 Forms

Answer 16

Kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and strain energy,

Question 17

Kinetic Energy (KE = 1/2mv^2)

Answer 17

capacity to do work while being on the move. Dispersed through noise and heat.

Question 18

Gravitational potential energy

Answer 18

energy an object has by being raised above the earth’s surface. This is a form of stored energy.

Question 19

Strain Energy

Answer 19

energy from the ability to restore back to the original shape (bow and arrow).

Question 20

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 20

energy is never used up.

Question 21

Rebound

Answer 21

When objets collide and separate.

Question 22

Recoil

Answer 22

force by which objects restore back to their original shapes. Stores as strain energy and is released as kinetic energy.

Question 23

Coefficient of Restitution

Answer 23

measurement of the ability of an object to restore to its original shape. Highest COR = 1, lowest COR = 0.

Question 24

Three Types of Frictional Forces

Answer 24

static (between two resting objects), rolling (between a surface and a rolling object), and sliding (two objects slide and rub).

Question 25

Axes

Answer 25

longitudinal (head to feet), transverse (hip to hip), and frontal (front to back).

Question 26

Angular motion

Answer 26

the rotation, twist, or spin through an angle of a certain number of degrees.

Question 27

Lever

Answer 27

simple machine that transmits and changes mechanical energy from one place to another.

Question 28

Force Arm

Answer 28

Perpendicular distance from axis to where force is applied.

Question 29

Resistance Arm

Answer 29

Perpendicular distance from axis to where resistance is applied.

Question 30

Fulcrum (axis)

Answer 30

pivot point at which the lever rotates

Question 31

Torque

Answer 31

a rotary, turning, or twisting effect produced by a force acting at a distance from the axis of rotation. T = F X D from axis of rotation.

Question 32

First Class Lever FAR

Answer 32

axis positioned between force and resistance

Question 33

Second Class Lever ARF

Answer 33

Force and resistance on the same side as axis. Force arm always longer than resistance arm.

Question 34

Third Class Lever AFR (most common in the human body).

Answer 34

Axis is at one end and the force is always closer to the axis than the resistance. Bicep curl is an example.

Question 35

Angular Velocity

Answer 35

the rate of spin of an athlete or an object. all parts of a gymnast rotating around a bar have the same angular velocity, but they have different speeds.

Question 36

Angular refers to..

Answer 36

The number of degrees or revolutions.

Question 37

greatest striking portion is created by

Answer 37

maximum angular velocity and greatest radial distribution.

Question 38

centripetal force

Answer 38

force that pulls an object towards the axis of rotation in order to make it follow a circular path.

Question 39

Centrifugal force

Answer 39

force pulling outward on an athlete or object from the axis of rotation.

Question 40

Rotary Inertia

Answer 40

tendency to resist rotation. mass and radial distribution of mass determine the rotary inertia.

Question 41

Angular Momentum

Answer 41

quantity of motion that a rotating athlete or object possesses.