Chapter 3 Flashcards by Chantelle Smith

Great Britain sought to attract which of the following to its American colonies in the eighteenth century?

Protestants from non-English and less prosperous parts of the British Isles

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What was William Penn’s most fundamental principle?

Religious freedom

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The English Bill of Rights of 1689

Listed Parliamentary powers over such individual rights as trial by jury

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Before founding Pennsylvania, William Penn assisted a group of English Quakers to set up a colony in what became

New Jersey

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Enumerated goods?

Were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar that first had to be imported to England

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Spain’s Las Siete Partidas, a series of laws touching on slavery

Gave slaves some opportunities to claim rights under the law in Spain’s American empire

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The Glorious Revolution of 1688

Resulted mainly from the fears of English aristocrats that the birth of James II’s son would lead to a Catholic succession

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All of the following were factors enticing migration to the British colonies EXCEPT

Cheap and safe transatlantic transportation

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The separation of church and state

Existed in only a few colonies

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Why did the accusations of witchcraft in Salem suddenly snowball in 1692?

The only way to avoid prosecution was to confess and name others

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Which of the following was true of small farmers in 1670s Virginia?

The lack of good land, high taxes on tobacco, and falling prices reduced their prospects

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The Walking Purchase of 1737

Was a deceitful deal for the Lenni-Lanape Indians

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What was one of Pennsylvania’s only restrictions on religious liberty

Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving

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According to New England Puritans, witchcraft

Resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes

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Which commodity drove the African slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies during the seventeenth century?

Sugar

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What inspired the 1715 uprising by the Yamasee and Creek peoples against English colonists in Carolina?

High debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers

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Who finally ended the Salem witch trials?

The Massachusetts governor

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Nathaniel Bacon

Actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him

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Which one of the following is true of the English West Indies in the seventeenth century?

By the end of the century, the African population far outnumbered the European population on most islands

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Which of the following best sums up population diversity in colonial British America?

Great Britain originally promoted emigration to the colonies as means of ridding itself of excess population but cut back in the eighteenth century, opening the colonies to a more diverse group of settlers

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The first English Navigation Act, adopted during the rule of Oliver Cromwell

Aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch

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During the colonial era, Philadelphia

Became home to a varied population of artisans and craftsmen

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Carolina grew slowly until?

Rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable

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The biggest reason Jews left Europe was?

To escape rigid religious restrictions in German-speaking areas of Europe

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Which man was once a slave, only to be freed and own slaves himself?

Anthony Johnson

What form of behavior did William Penn ban in his Pennsylvania colony?

Swearing

Which of the following was NOT a factor that made African slavery appealing to English planters in the New World?

A long English legal tradition of discriminating against dark-skinned peoples eased the legalization of slavery

Unlike slavery in American, slavery in Africa

Was more likely to be based in the household than on agricultural plantation

Slavery developed more slowly in North America than in the English West Indies because?

The high death rate among tobacco workers made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time

What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?

Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names

What ironic consequence did William Penn's generous policies, such as religious toleration and inexpensive land, have?

They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor

The Scottish and Scotch-Irish immigrants to the colonies

Were not only poor farmers, but physicians, merchants, and teachers too

Slave labor in the Chesapeake region increasingly supplanted indentured servitude during the last two decades of the seventeenth century, in part because?

Improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants

William Penn was a member of which religious group?

Quakers

How did the new Massachusetts charter of 1691 change that colony's government?

It made Massachusetts a royal colony rather than under the control of Puritan "saints"

In its early years, Carolina was the "colony of a colony" because its original settlers included many

Landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados

Which of the following was true of poverty in the colonial period?

Limited supplies of land, especially for inheritance, contributed to poverty

Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?

Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so

Bacon's Rebellion was a response to

Worsening economic conditions in Virginia

Which of the following fits the description of a person most likely to have been accused of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New England?

A woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or estranged from her husband

Which of the following is true of slavery?

The English word "slavery" derives from "Slav," reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century

What was the impact of King Philip's War (1675-1676)?

In the long run the war produced a broadening of freedom for whites in New England

The Charter of Liberties and Privileges in New York

Reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch

Bacon's Rebellion contributed to which of the following in Virginia?

The replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia's plantations

Which of the following was true of agriculture in the colonies during the eighteenth century?

Because New York's landlords had taken over so much land, agriculture grew more slowly in New York than in other colonies

Of colonists in British North America, which group was the wealthiest?

South Carolina rice planters

What was the Covenant Chain?

An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy

Governor William Berkely's regime

Was a corrupt alliance of the Virginia colony's wealthiest tobacco planters

By the 18th century, consumer goods such as books and ceramic plates

Were found in many colonial residents homes

To Quakers, liberty was

A universal entitlement

The economy of the Carolina colony

Originally centered on cattle-raising and trade

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism

The government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power

When England took over the Dutch colony that became New York

The English ended the Dutch tradition of allowing married women to conduct business in their own names

William Penn obtained the land for his Pennsylvania colony because

The king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America

In what ways did England reduce colonial autonomy during the 1680s?

It created the Dominion of New England, run by a royal appointee without benefit of an elected assembly

As English colonial society became more structured in the 18th century, what were the effects on women?

Women's work became more clearly defined as tied closely to the home

What sparked a new period of colonial expansion for England in the mid-17th century?

The restoration of the monarchy in 1660

The German migration to the English colonies

Led to the formation of many farming communities

Captain Jacob Leisler, the head of the rebel militia that took control of New York in 1689

Was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years

Pennsylvania's treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?

Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies

"Anglicization" meant all of the following EXCEPT

Colonists were determined to speak English as perfectly as those who lived in England

Which of the following was true of the colonial elite?

They controlled government

Who in the Pennsylvania colony was eligible to vote?

A majority of the male population

Ideas of race and racism in 17th-century England

Had not fully developed as modern concepts

When the Virginia House of Burgesses decreed that religious conversion did not release a slave from bondage

It meant that, under Virginia law, Christians could own other Christians

According to laws in the 17th century Chesapeake

free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court

North American crops and products

Were part of a commercial trade network that knitted together a far-flung empire

Indians in 18th century British America

Were well integrated into the British imperial system

How did English rule affect the Iroquois Confederacy

After a series of complex negotiations, both groups aided each other's imperial ambitions

As accusations and executions multiplied in Salem, what was the long-term impact of the witchcraft trials there?

The number of witchcraft prosecutions in Massachusetts declined markedly

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

Proposed a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary nobility

By the 18th century, colonial farm families

Viewed land ownership almost as a right, a precondition of freedom

The Glorious Revolution witnessed uprisings in colonial America, including ones in?

New York and Maryland

English and Dutch merchants created a well-organized system for "redemptioners." What was this system for?

For carrying indentured German families to America where they would work off their transportation debt

What role did Native Americans play in British imperial wars during the eighteenth century?

They did much of the fighting in the wars

How did the colonial elite view their role in society?

It meant the power to rule- the right of those blessed with wealth and prominence to dominate others

Once Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691

It was required to abide by the English Act of Toleration, which displeased many Puritan leaders

The Virginia slave code of 1705

Embedded the principle of white supremacy in law