Chapter 3 Flashcards

(54 cards)

1
Q

Semi-fluid portion of the cytoplasm

A

Cytosol

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2
Q

Control center

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

Intracellular structures with specific functions

A

Organelles

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4
Q

Responsible for forming the spindle during mitosis

A

Centrosome

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5
Q

Modifies, sorts, packages, and delivers proteins and lipids

A

Golgi complex

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6
Q

Organelles that destroy bacteria and recycle worn out cells parts

A

Lysosomes

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7
Q

Non-membranous chemical substances that are produced and used by cells

A

Inclusions

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8
Q

Located inside the nucleus and helps assemble ribosomes

A

Nucleolus

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9
Q

Cellular respiration occurs here

A

Mitochondria

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10
Q

Passive transport depends on this type of energy to move materials

A

Kinetic

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11
Q

When a solution reaches equilibrium, an… Number of molecules move in and out of the cell.

A

Equal

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12
Q

Mechanisms that move substances across a cell membrane requiring energy

A

Active transport

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13
Q

The infolding of a cells membrane around a liquid droplet to bring it into the cell

A

Pinocytosis

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14
Q

In passive transport, net movement of substances is ( ) their concentration gradient

A

Down

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15
Q

Protein synthesis occurs here

A

Ribosome

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16
Q

Movement of any substances from a high concentration to a low concentration whether or not a membrane is involved

A

Simple diffusion

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17
Q

Movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration

A

Active transport

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18
Q

In exocytosis, these structures unite with the cell membrane and release their contents to the outside of the cell

A

Vesicles

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19
Q

Phagocytosis is the process by which ____ are taken through a cell membrane

A

Insoluble solids

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20
Q

The word gradient means ____.

A

Difference

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21
Q

The majority of the plasma membrane is composed of this type of molecule

A

Phospholipids

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22
Q

Cellular contents located between the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane

23
Q

Name the two types of ER

A

Rough, smooth

24
Q

What structures are attached to the rough ER

25
Functions in lipid (fatty acid production) and carbohydrate (release of glucose) metabolism
Smooth ER
26
The largest cell structure that contains both DNA and the nucleolus
Nucleus
27
Give examples of inclusions
Glycogen, fat, melanin
28
This part of the cytoplasm is composed of 75%-90% water
Cytosol
29
Raises or lowers condenser
Condenser adjustment knob
30
Secures a slide for viewing
Slide holder
31
Lens, located beneath the stage opening which controls the light beam size
Condenser
32
Used for preliminary focusing
Course adjustment knob
33
Platform in which slides are placed
Stage
34
Used for final focusing
Fine adjustment knob
35
The part of the microscope used when we carry it
Arm
36
Controls the intensity of the light
Iris
37
Term that is given to a microscope's ability to distinguish and separate fine detail
Resolving power
38
The objective that comes closest to a specimen and is most likely to break a slide
Oil immersion | 100times
39
How do you find total magnification
Multiply the ocular by power of objective
40
When you are viewing an object under low power, do you see more or less of the object as compared to high power
More
41
What property of the microscope allows you to change from one objective to another without having to make major focusing adjustments
Parfocal
42
Red blood cells may swell and rupture if placed in a _____ solution
Hypotonic
43
Hypertonic means that a solution has more ___ as compared to another solution
Solute
44
The movement of a substance from high to low concentration through the plasma membrane with the help of a channel protein
Facilitated diffusion
45
Cellular support and movement
Cytoskeleton
46
Selective permeability
Plasma membrane
47
Protein synthesis
Ribosomes
48
Lipid synthesis, detoxification
Smooth ER
49
ATP production
Mitochondria
50
Digest bacteria, worn-out organelles
Lysosomes
51
Forms mitotic spindle
Centrosome
52
Short-hair like structures on the surface of some cells
Cilia
53
Long cell projection used to propel sperm cells
Flagella
54
Chemical substances produced by cells; not bounded by a membrane
Inclusions