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Physiology Test > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

The method of ossification forming most bones

A

Endochondral

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2
Q

The enlarged ends of a bone

A

Epiphyses

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3
Q

Articulate cartilage is an example of this cartilage type

A

Hyaline

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4
Q

The center of an osteon which carries blood vessels

A

Haversian canal

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5
Q

The shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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6
Q

Rings of bony tissue filled with minerals and surrounding the Haversian canal

A

Lamellae

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7
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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8
Q

Bone that contains numerous air spaces between cells

A

Spongy

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9
Q

Microscopic cavities in bone containing osteocytes

A

Lacunae

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10
Q

A space in bone which contains marrow

A

Medullary canal

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11
Q

Bone-forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

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12
Q

Very dense bone with no air spaces within

A

Compact

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13
Q

Small channels connecting lacunae with each other

A

Canaliculi

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14
Q

The unit of structure in compact bone

A

Haversian system

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15
Q

The mineral part of bone

A

Matrix

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16
Q

The “growth area” in bones where epiphysis joins diaphysis

A

Epiphyseal plate

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17
Q

Bone is an example of this major tissue type

A

Connective

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18
Q

Bone disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures

A

Osteoporosis

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19
Q

The area of a long bone containing the thickest layer of compact bone

A

Diaphysis

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20
Q

The membranous outer covering of a long bone

A

Periosteum

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21
Q

Secret cartilage matrix

A

Chondroblasts

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22
Q

Involved in bone resorption

A

Osteoclasts

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23
Q

Mature cartilage cells

A

Chondrocytes

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24
Q

Marrow bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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25
Cells that form bone
Osteoblasts
26
When trying to locate a foramen in a bone, you would look for
An opening or hole
27
The ribs articulate with the
Thoracic vertebrae
28
Run lengthwise through bone
Central (Haversian) canal
29
Connect central canals with lacunae
Canaliculi
30
Concentric rings of matrix
Lamellae
31
Connect nutrient arteries and nerves from periosteum to the central canals
Perforating (volkmann's) canal
32
Spaces that contain osteocytes
Lacunae
33
The presence of an epiphyseal line in a long bone indicates that the bone
Is still capable of growing in length
34
The hyoid bone is unique because it
Does not articulate with any other bone
35
The bones that form the pectoral girdle are the
Scapula and sternum
36
The main hormone that regulates the Ca2+ balance between bone and blood is
Parathyroid hormone
37
Spongy bone differs from compact bone because spongy bone
Has latticework walls known as trabeculae
38
Humerus
Long
39
Carpus
Short
40
Vertebra
Irregular
41
Sternum
Flat
42
Where long bones form joints, the epiphyses are covered with
Hyaline cartilage
43
What substance in bone contributes to its tensile strength
Collagen
44
The skeletal system is responsible for
Protecting internal organs from injury Producing movement Providing a supporting framework for the body Hemopoiesis
45
Which 3 bones fuse together to form the hip bones
Ilium, ischium, pubis
46
What name is given to the formation of bone
Ossification
47
Which bone is the only movable one in the skull
Mandible
48
The ribs and cranial bones are classified as what type of bone
Flat
49
What condition results from a sideways bending of the vertebral column
Scoliosis
50
What are the units of structure in compact bone with little space between them
Osteon
51
What bone makes up the pectoral girdle
Scapula and clavicle
52
What bone disorder occurs when bone destruction outpaces bone formation due to the depletion of calcium
Osteoporosis
53
What name is given to the center of an osteon that carries blood vessels longitudinally through the bone
Central canal
54
Which bone is the strongest, largest, and heaviest
Femor
55
The bones of the thighs, forearms, and fingers are classified as what type of bone
Long bones
56
What are the neck vertebrae called
Cervical
57
In an osteon, what name is given to the rings of hard, calcified matrix that surround the central canal
Lamellae
58
Name the hole in The occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes
Foramen magnum
59
Where does bone growth occur in a long bone
Epiphyseal plate
60
The nasal bone, maxilla, and mandible are part of what group of bones
Facial
61
Cleft plate occurs when what bones fail to unite
Maxillae
62
Name the region of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis
Metaphysis
63
Which bone located under the jaw does not articulate with any other bone
Hyoid
64
Name the scroll like bones in the nasal cavity whose job it is to filter are before it gets to the lungs
Conchae
65
Name the "soft spots" in the cranium of a child that are not yet completely ossified
Fontanelles
66
What name is given to the spaces in compact bone that contain osteocytes
Lacunae
67
To what group of bones does the temporal bone belong
Cranial
68
What name is given to the membrane that lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum
69
Name the type of cell that builds bone tissue
Osteoblasts
70
Name the type of cell that destroys the matrix of bone
Osteoclasts
71
What is the name for the immovable joint in the skull formed where skull bones fuse together
Suture
72
Which cranial bone has a shape that resembles a bat
Sphenoid
73
Name the part of bone that contains water, collagen and minerals like calcium
Matrix
74
Name the cells that develop into osteoblasts
Osteogenic cells
75
To what major division of the skeleton do the pectoral and pelvic girdles belong
Appendicular
76
Functions of skeletal system
Supports, protects, produces blood cells, movement, mineral, homeostasis, stores fat

Physiology Test (5 decks)

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