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Chem > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

Proton: charge

A

+

Positive

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2
Q

Proton: mass

A

1 amu

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3
Q

Neutron: location

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

Neutron: charge

A

0

Zero; nothing

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5
Q

Neutron: mass

A

1 amu

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6
Q

Electron: location

A

Outside the nucleus

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7
Q

Electron: charge

A

-

Negative

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8
Q

U- 235:

  • Name
  • Protons
  • Neutrons
  • electrons
A

Name: uranium -235
Protons: 92
Neutrons: 143
Electrons: 92

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9
Q 
1 H+ :
1
-Name
-Protons
-neutrons 
-electrons
A

Name: hydrogen -1 ion
Protons: 1
Neutron: 0
Electron: 0

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10
Q 
84Kr
36
-Name
-Protons
-Neutrons
-Electrons
A

Name: krypton -84
Proton: 36
Neutron: 48
Electron: 36

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11
Q

What are the main points of daltons atomic theory?

A
  • all matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms
  • all atoms are identical, but differ those of any other reaction
  • atoms are not created/destroyed in chemical reactions
  • compound always has the same relative numbers and kinds of atoms
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12
Q

Proton: location

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

What is a cathode ray tube?

A

A vacuum tube which contains a source of electrons and a fluorescent screen, with some means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam

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14
Q

Who experimented with cathode ray tubes and discovered electrons?

A

J.JThomas

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15
Q

What did the scientist JJ Thomas discover about electrons and why was this important?

A

Electrons are much smaller than the smallest atom and he discovered that they were negatively charged particles and they are important because they lead to the structure of an atom.

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16
Q

Describe Rutherfords gold foil experiment

A
  • took lead box
  • put radio activity in it
  • electron/alpha particular gun
  • most particles went straight through the gold foil
  • some deflected
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17
Q

What 2 main points about the atom was discovered in the gold foil experiment?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • atoms contain a nucleus

- the mass of an atom was concentrated at its center

18
Q

What is an ion?

Study These Flashcards
A

An ion is something with more or less electrons than protons, the number of protons dint equal

19
Q

What is an isotope?

Study These Flashcards
A

Different number of neutrons

Same number of protons

20
Q

Why are some isotopes unstable?

Study These Flashcards
A

Have too many or not enough neutrons

21
Q

How do isotopes become stable?

Study These Flashcards
A

By balancing out the number of protons and neutrons

22
Q

Alpha:

  • composition
  • charge
  • nuclear symbol
Study These Flashcards
A 
Composition: 2 protons 2 neutrons 
Charge: +2
Nuclear symbol: 
4
HE
2
23
Q

Beta:
Composition
Charge
Nuclear symbol

Study These Flashcards
A 
Composition: electron 
Charge: - (negative)
Nuclear symbol: 
0
e
-1
24
Q

Gamma:
Composition
Charge
Nuclear symbol

Study These Flashcards
A 
Composition: pure energy 
Charge: 0
Nuclear symbol: 
0 (upside down fish)
0
25
Who first proposed that matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles?
Democritus
26
Which scientist developed the atomic theory of matter?
John Dalton
27
A nucleus of four neutrons and four protons that is surrounded by two electrons is?
A positive ion
28
What will a positive charge do?
Repel another positive charge
29
What could a cathode ray do?
Could spin a small paddlewheel
30
Who discovered electrons?
Thomson
31
A hydrogen Atom has a charge of???
0
32
Isotopes contain different numbers of...?
Neutrons
33
True or false: radioactivity results from changes in the Atoms nucleus?
True
34
True or false: the force that holds nuclear particles together is called the electrical force?
False
35
True or false: gamma radiation consists of particles with a +2 charge?
False, alpha is +2
36
True or false: in a cathode ray tube, the cathode ray comes from the anode
False, it comes from the cathode
37
True or false: an electrons mass is essentially 1 amu?
False, 1/2000 amu
38
True or false: the number of protons in an atom is called its atomic mass?
False, atomic number
39
True or false: a isotope is an atom or a group of atoms having having a net electrical charge?
False, ion not isotope
40
True or false: An atoms mass number is the sum of its protons and neutrons?
True
41
Why is a nucleus with too few neutrons unstable?
Because there needs to be the same number of protons and neutrons
42
What are the three subatomic particles in an atom and there charges?
Protons: positively charged Neutrons: no charge Electron: negatively charged

Chem (10 decks)

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