Chapter 3 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Attribution theory
how people explain their successes and failures
Two dimensions of attribution theory
Locus of casality and stability
What is locus of causality in relation to attribution theory
Internal factors (natural athletic talent) or external factors ( weather or officiating)
What is stability in relation to attribution theory
something that is relatively permanent and not likely to change.
4 quadrants of Attribution theory
Ability, effort, task difficulty and luck
What is ability in relation to attribution theory?
outcomes that are internal and stable
What is effort in relation to attribution theory?
outcomes that are internal and unstable
What is task difficulty in relation to attribution theory?
outcomes that are external and stable
What is Luck in relation to attribution theory?
outcomes that are external and unstable
What is revised attribution theory
Controllable/Uncontrollable vs Internal-stable/Internal-unstable/External-stable/External-unstable
what causes Learned Helplessness
failure attributed to stable and uncontrollable causes
Results of learned helplessness
reduced motivation, increased negative affect as well as lower self-efficacy and worse performance
Results of high vs low expectations
Low - perform better = more positive affect including proud grateful and confident.
High - worse = negative affect including depression, guilt, and anger
Attribution training
Education designed to change individuals’ perceptions regarding the causes of their performance
Hot hand effect
The belief that the performance of a player during a particular period is significantly better than could be expected on the basis of the player’s overall record
Learned helplessness
A state in which a person feels that his or her efforts will be useless and therefore stops putting forth any effort
Locus of control
A factor in attribution theory describing whether the cause of an outcome is or is not within a person’s control
Optimistic explanatory style
An Attributional style in which people tend to explain good events as caused by internal, stable, and global factors
Pessimistic explanatory style
An attributional style in which people tend to explain bad events as caused by internal, stable, and global factors
Psychological momentum
A perceived added or gained psychological power that gives the person, or a team, a feeling of having an edge over an opponent
Self-serving attribution
A tendency to accept credit for success, but explain failure based on external factors.
Collectivistic and indivuiualistic cultures
collevtivistic = external , role of enviroment indivualistic = internal, role of person
Collectivistic and indivuiualistic cultures
collevtivistic = external , role of enviroment indivualistic = internal, role of person
Action Bias
Act rather than not act even when that action might not lead to a better outcome (Goalie movement(28.7 % center and 7 % staying in center); firing the coach(bad teams increase then decrease, good teams, decrease then increase); going for the fourth down)
