chapter 3 Flashcards

(40 cards)

1
Q

what cells have mroe mitochondira

A

cells that are very active like muscle cells

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2
Q

lysosomes

A

cleans up and digests materials with lysosymes

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3
Q

peroxosome

A

has peroxidee and breaks down things but more of an immune funciton

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4
Q

nucelolus

A

produces ribosomal RNA

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5
Q

centroles

A

transport and give structure

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6
Q

golgi aparatus

A

packaging and shipping

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7
Q

vesicles

A

packages

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8
Q

word glyco means

A

carb

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9
Q

glycoprotein and glycolipid are used for

A

identificaiton

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10
Q

integral proteins

A

goes through cell

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11
Q

*** membrane proteins functions 5

A
structural support
transport
enzynatic control of cell processes
receptors for hormones and other molecules
self markers for immune system
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12
Q

what does phagocytosis use to digest

A

often uses lysosome

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13
Q

endocytosis

A

into cell. it is an active process

uses vesicle

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14
Q

what does exocytosis

A

golgi aparatus

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15
Q

microvili

A

is in digestive system. usually columnar

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16
Q

cytoskeleton is composed of

A

various types of proteins.

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17
Q

peroxisomes

A

has oxidative enzymes. most prevalnt in liver. also contains catalase.

18
Q

mitochodnrai two membranes

A

inside nner is the matrix.

19
Q

cisternae

A

of golgi complex. they are stacks of hollwo faltttened sacs cavities.

20
Q

chromatin is what

A

material in nuecleus

21
Q

methylation

A

a way of altering the genes from epingenetics

22
Q

phosphorylation

A

big way of altering the gene. from epigenetics

23
Q

exons stay in dna introns get what

24
Q

chromatin is what

A

what chromsome are made up of. bound beind nucelsomes

25
inducible promtoers are what
they get turned on.
26
mRNa synthesis and splicing
dna strand gets made a complement strand . called transcrition. turned into RNA.
27
post transcriptional modification
cutting out introns and exons spliced together.
28
translation
complement to mRNA called tRNA. tRNA made of anticodons for codons.
29
we onl need how many aminos
8 or 9
30
s phase of pmat goes between what
2 g phases for replication of genetic material.
31
mitosis vs myosis
mysosis is sexual replication of cells
32
helicase does what
unwinds DNA
33
dna Polymerase
replicates new mRNA copy
34
ligase does what
seal segements of DNA especially on lagging. they are called okazaki.
35
cell death happens patholgocially by what
necrosis
36
cell death naturally happens by what
apoptosis
37
22 pairs of chromsomes are called what
autosomes
38
last pair of 23 is called what
sex chromosome
39
crosssing over
exchanging homogolous parts of chromosomes. what can causes changes in siblings etc
40
posttranslational modificatiions of histone proteins
know this?