Chapter 3-9 Flashcards
Cosmology
Accounts of creation
Anthropomorphic
As if God were human
Divine council
The assembly of gods
Elohim
God, used in the singular
Enkidu
Friend of Gligamesh. A wild man who was seduced by shamhat and brought in to civilization.
Enuma Elish
“When above”- first two words of the poem. A work in 7 tablets how the god Marduk became king of the gods and chief god in Babylon. Often called the “Babylonian creation epic”, it is actually a hymn in praise of Marduk.
Gilgamesh
A legendary ruler if the central Mesopotamian city of Uruk
Marduk
From enuma Elish
Myth
Narratives in which the principal characters are gods, to explain how the world as they understood it came to be.
Sabbath
The day of rest
Tiamat
The goddess of the salt waters. Her body was used by Marduk to make the cosmos.
Tree of life
In garden of Eden. Will give one immortality and even eternal youth. The seven branched menorah is probably a stylized presentation of it.
Tree of the knowledge of good and evil
Multiple interpretations: a merism- a totality is expressed by mentioning the opposite exvtremes. Would be equivalent to barring them from divine omniscience; intellectual maturity; sexual connotations “to know” and have control over fertility.
Yahweh
The sacred and personal name of god. Substitution is “the LORD”
D
Deuteronomic- found entirely in the book of Deuteronomy. Discovered during reign of Josiah, king of Judah in late 7th century bce. Like E, probably originated in northern kingdom
E
Elohist- name from Elohim (God) until revelation of Yahweh. Fragmented because joined with J. Deity is more remote- dreams & angels. Mountain is Horeb. Associated with Ephraim in the northern kingdom.
J
Yahwist- god is vivid anthropomorphisms, very human like ways. Judah area is dominant. Theme of 3fold promise. Written in 10th century. Fullest of 4 sources
P
Priestly- emphasis on matters of ritual observance and ritual. Divine rest & sabbath observance. God is Elohim until revelation. Later el shadday. Most remote and transcendent and never appearing directly. Manifest in god’s “glory”. Thematic series of covenants: rainbow, circumcision & sabbath.
Final editor. Derived from the traditions of the temple. From 6th century bce.
Documentary hypothesis
4 distinct documents. Source analysis. Hypothetical. Stemmed from different names for god. Created by Julius wellhausen in 1878
Etiology
Explanation of a phenomenon
Genealogy
A listing of a family line. Mostly attributed to P. Segmented: traces several fodder want lines from one ancestor
Linear: traces one line through several generations.
Pentateuch
First 5 books, from the Greek word for 5 works or books
Utnapishtim
A hero in the Gilgamesh epic that tells about the flood. First modern discovery of parallel to biblical traditions
Wellhausen
Creator of the document hypothesis in 1878