Chapter 3-Alkanes Flashcards
(34 cards)
1
Q
Alkenes
A
Double bond
2
Q
Alkynes
A
Triple bonds
3
Q
Arenes
A
Have alternating double and single bonds
4
Q
Methane
A
CH4
One carbon
5
Q
Ethane
A
Two carbons
6
Q
Isomers
A
Molecules with same formula but different structures
7
Q
Propane
A
3 carbons
8
Q
Butane
A
4 carbons
9
Q
Pentane
A
5 carbons
10
Q
Hexane
A
6 carbons
11
Q
Heptane
A
7 carbon
12
Q
Octane
A
8 carbons
13
Q
Nonane
A
9 carbons
14
Q
Decane
A
10 carbons
15
Q
Undecane
A
11 Carbon
16
Q
Dodecane
A
12 carbon
17
Q
Tridecane
A
13 carbons
18
Q
Icocane
A
20 carbons
19
Q
Triacontane
A
30 carbons
20
Q
Steps to name straight
A
- Identify parent hydrocarbon (longest chain)
- Number the atoms in chain (start at the end closest to a branch)
- Identify the substituents (ei. 1-ethyl, 4-methyl)
- Write word (3-ethyl-4,7-dimethylnonane)
21
Q
Alkane increased molecular weight
A
Increased boiling and melting points
22
Q
Newman projection
A
The Mercedes sign looking thing
23
Q
Energy minima
A
Staggered conformations
24
Q
Energy maxima
A
Eclipsed conformations
25
Anti conformation
Lowest energy- the two big groups are as far away from each other as possible
26
Gauche conformation
Two big groups are 60 degrees apart
Steric strain
27
H-H eclipse
Torsional strain
28
H-CH3 eclipsed
Mostly torsional strain
29
CH3-CH3 eclipsed
Torsional and steric strain
30
Strain energy most to least
CH3-CH3 eclipse
CH3-H eclipse
H-H eclipse
CH3-CH3 gauche
Anti
31
Alkanes reactivity
Relatively unreactive and rarely involved in chemical reactions
32
Functional group
Group of atoms within a larger molecule that has a characteristic chemical reactivity
33
Saturated hydrocarbons
Alkanes
34
Alkane general formula
C(n) H(2n+2)
