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Foundations In Biology > Chapter 3. Biological Elements > Flashcards

Chapter 3. Biological Elements Flashcards

1
Q

How many bonds can carbon atoms form with other atoms?

A

Four

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2
Q

How many bonds can nitrogen atoms form with other atoms?

A

Three

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3
Q

How many bonds can oxygen form with other atoms?

A

Two

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4
Q

How many bonds can hydrogen form with other atoms?

A

One

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5
Q

What are calcium ions essential for?

A

Nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction

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6
Q

What are sodium ions essential for?

A

Nerve impulse transmission and kidney function

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7
Q

What are potassium ions essential for?

A

Nerve impulse transmission and stomatal opening

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8
Q

What are hydrogen ions essential for?

A

Catalysis of reactions and pH determination

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9
Q

What are ammonium ions essential for?

A

Production of nitrate ions by bacteria

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10
Q

What are nitrate ions essential for?

A

Nitrogen supply to plants for amino acids and protein formation

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11
Q

What are hydrogen carbonate ions essential for?

A

Maintenance of blood pH

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12
Q

What are chloride ions essential for?

A

Balancing positive charge of sodium and potassium ions in cells

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13
Q

What are phosphate ions essential for?

A

Cell membrane formation, nucleic acid and ATP formation and also bone formation

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14
Q

What are hydroxide ions essential for?

A

Catalysis of reactions and pH determination

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15
Q

What elements do carbohydrates contain?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

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16
Q

What elements do lipids contain?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

17
Q

What elements do proteins contain?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulfur

18
Q

What elements do nucleic acids contain?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Phosphorus

19
Q

Do hydrogen and oxygen share electrons equally within their covalent bond?

A

No, oxygen has a greater share of electrons

20
Q

Does water have a high boiling point?

A

Yes

21
Q

What is different about water from carbon dioxide and oxygen?

A

it is liquid at room temperature because of the hydrogen bonding between water molecules

Foundations In Biology (3 decks)

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