Chapter 3- Cellular Structure and Function Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is cytoplasm?
All the cellular material inside the plasma membrane.
What is the plasma membrane? (Also called the cell membrane)
A thin coat if lipids that surrounds a cell and forms a physical boundary between the cell and its environment.
What are ribosomes?
The structures in the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
What is DNA?
The nucleic acid found in cells containing the genetic instructions that cells need to make proteins.
What is the nucleus of the cell?
A structure in the cytoplasm that is surrounded by the membrane.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Cells without a nucleus.
What are eukaryotic cells?
Cells that contain a nucleus.
What are eukaryotes?
Organisms with eukaryotic cells. They range from fungi to people.
What is a organelle?
A structure within the cytoplasm that performs a specific job in the cell.
What is a viruses?
Tiny particles that may cause disease.
What is a phospholipid bilayer?
When the phospholipids in the plasma membrane are arranged in two layers.
What are the three functions of cytoplasm?
- Suspending cell organelles.
- Pushing against the plasma membrane to help the cell keep it’s shape
- Providing a site for many if the biochemical reaction of the cell.
What is the crosscrossing of the cytoplasm called?
It’s a structure called the cytoskeleton.
What is a cell?
The basic unit of structure and function of living things.
What is mitochondrion? (Plural mitochondria)
An organelle that makes energy available to the cell.
What is ATP?
An energy-carrying molecule that used inside cells for energy.
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate.
What is endoplasmic reticulum? (ER)
An organelle that helps make and transport proteins and lipids.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
A large organelle that processes proteins and prepares them for use both inside and outside the cell.
What are vesicles and vacuoles?
Saclike organelles that store and transplant materials in the cells.
What is the cell wall?
A rigid Layer that surrounds the plasma membrane of a plant cell.
What is central vacuole?
A substance in most mature plants cells.
What percentage of volume does the central vacuole take up?
90%
What are plastids?
Organelles in plant cells with many different functions.
