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Chapter 3- Early European explorers Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Who was Christopher Columbus?

A

An Italian explorer who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for the widespread European exploration of the Americas.

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2
Q

True or False: Vasco da Gama was the first European to reach India by sea.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: Ferdinand Magellan is known for leading the first ________ around the world.

A

circumnavigation

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4
Q

What was the primary goal of early European explorers?

A

To find new trade routes and expand their empires.

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5
Q

Which country sponsored Christopher Columbus’s voyages?

A

Spain

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6
Q

What significant discovery did John Cabot make?

A

He is credited with discovering parts of North America, specifically Newfoundland.

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7
Q

Multiple Choice: Which explorer is known for claiming Florida for Spain?
A) Ponce de León
B) Hernán Cortés
C) Jacques Cartier

A

A) Ponce de León

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8
Q

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?

A

An agreement between Spain and Portugal dividing newly discovered lands outside Europe.

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9
Q

True or False: The Age of Exploration began in the 15th century.

A

True

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10
Q

What technology helped European explorers navigate during their voyages?

A

The compass and astrolabe.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The Spanish conquistadors were known for their ________ conquests in the Americas.

A

military

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12
Q

Who was Hernán Cortés?

A

A Spanish conquistador known for leading the expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.

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13
Q

What was the impact of early European exploration on indigenous populations?

A

It often led to the decline of indigenous populations due to disease, warfare, and colonization.

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14
Q

Multiple Choice: Which explorer is associated with the discovery of the St. Lawrence River?
A) Samuel de Champlain
B) Francisco Pizarro
C) Vasco Núñez de Balboa

A

A) Samuel de Champlain

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15
Q

What was the main reason for the Spanish exploration of the Americas?

A

To find gold and expand territory.

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16
Q

Who is known for exploring the Mississippi River?

A

Hernando de Soto

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17
Q

True or False: The Northwest Passage was a route sought by explorers to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

A

True

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ was an early European exploration that sought a route to Asia through the Arctic.

A

Northwest Passage

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19
Q

What role did mercantilism play in early exploration?

A

It motivated nations to acquire colonies to increase wealth through trade.

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20
Q

Who was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean from the New World?

A

Vasco Núñez de Balboa

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21
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was NOT a motivation for exploration?
A) Wealth
B) Religion
C) Environmental conservation

A

C) Environmental conservation

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22
Q

What did explorers hope to find in Asia?

A

Spices, silk, and other valuable trade goods.

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23
Q

Who was the explorer that claimed Brazil for Portugal?

A

Pedro Álvares Cabral

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24
Q

True or False: The exploration of Africa was less significant than that of the Americas during the Age of Exploration.

A

False

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25
What was one consequence of the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the New World and the Old World.
26
Who is often credited as the first European to reach North America?
Leif Erikson
27
True or False: Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.
False
28
Fill in the blank: The _____ were the first Europeans to explore the African coast.
Portuguese
29
What was the primary motivation for early European explorers?
To find new trade routes and resources
30
Which explorer is known for his circumnavigation of the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
31
What year did Christopher Columbus make his first voyage?
1492
32
Name one major consequence of European exploration in the Americas.
The colonization of indigenous lands
33
Multiple Choice: Which explorer is associated with the discovery of the St. Lawrence River? A) John Cabot B) Jacques Cartier C) Hernán Cortés
B) Jacques Cartier
34
True or False: Vasco da Gama was the first to sail directly from Europe to India.
True
35
What technology greatly aided early explorers in navigation?
The astrolabe
36
Fill in the blank: _____ was a Spanish conquistador who led the expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.
Hernán Cortés
37
What was the name of the treaty that divided the New World between Spain and Portugal?
The Treaty of Tordesillas
38
Who sponsored Christopher Columbus's voyages?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
39
Multiple Choice: Which of the following was NOT a reason for European exploration? A) Religious conversion B) Scientific discovery C) Avoiding trade with Asia
C) Avoiding trade with Asia
40
What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange?
It led to the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.
41
True or False: Sir Francis Drake was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe.
True
42
Name one of the main countries involved in early maritime exploration.
Spain or Portugal
43
What was one major effect of the Age of Exploration on indigenous populations?
Significant population decline due to disease and conquest
44
Fill in the blank: The _____ were known for their exploration of the Pacific Ocean.
Spanish
45
Who was the first European to reach the southern tip of Africa?
Bartolomeu Dias
46
Multiple Choice: Which explorer is known for his search for the Northwest Passage? A) Henry Hudson B) Marco Polo C) Vasco Núñez de Balboa
A) Henry Hudson
47
What was the significance of the discovery of the Pacific Ocean?
It opened new trade routes and opportunities for exploration.
48
True or False: The Spanish Armada was a fleet sent to conquer the Americas.
False
49
What motivated the Spanish to conquer the Aztec and Inca empires?
The search for gold and wealth
50
Fill in the blank: _____ is the term used for the Spanish conquerors in the Americas.
Conquistadors
51
What was the primary goal of the French explorers in North America?
To establish trade, particularly in furs
52
Who was the first European explorer to reach the Americas?
Christopher Columbus
53
True or False: Ferdinand Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
True
54
Fill in the blank: Vasco da Gama is known for finding a sea route to _____.
India
55
What major ocean did Juan Ponce de León explore?
The Atlantic Ocean
56
Which explorer is credited with the discovery of the Pacific Ocean?
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
57
Multiple Choice: Which country sponsored Christopher Columbus's voyages? A) France B) Spain C) Portugal D) England
B) Spain
58
Who was the first European to explore the interior of North America?
Hernando de Soto
59
True or False: Jacques Cartier claimed Canada for France.
True
60
Fill in the blank: The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between _____ and _____.
Spain and Portugal
61
What was the primary goal of early European explorers?
To find new trade routes and territories
62
Multiple Choice: Which explorer is known for his exploration of the St. Lawrence River? A) Hernán Cortés B) Jacques Cartier C) Samuel de Champlain D) Francisco Pizarro
B) Jacques Cartier
63
Which explorer's expedition was the first to sail around the southern tip of South America?
Ferdinand Magellan
64
True or False: The Age of Exploration began in the 15th century.
True
65
Fill in the blank: The primary motivation for exploration included the search for _____ and _____ resources.
gold and spices
66
Who discovered the New World in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
67
Multiple Choice: Which of the following explorers is associated with the Aztec Empire? A) Hernán Cortés B) Vasco da Gama C) John Cabot D) Henry Hudson
A) Hernán Cortés
68
What year did Magellan's expedition set sail?
1519
69
True or False: Early European explorers primarily focused on North America.
False
70
Fill in the blank: The _____ were a group of Spanish explorers known for their conquests in the Americas.
conquistadors
71
What was the name of the first permanent European settlement in the Americas?
St. Augustine
72
Multiple Choice: Which explorer is known for exploring the Great Lakes? A) Henry Hudson B) Samuel de Champlain C) Jacques Cartier D) Christopher Columbus
B) Samuel de Champlain
73
Who founded the colony of New France?
Samuel de Champlain
74
True or False: The primary economic interest in exploration was the search for land.
False
75
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a significant ship used by explorers during the Age of Exploration.
caravel
76
What was the significance of the Columbian Exchange?
It facilitated the transfer of goods, crops, and population between the New and Old Worlds.
77
Who is known as the 'father of modern navigation'?
Prince Henry the Navigator
78
True or False: Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.
False
79
Fill in the blank: The Treaty of _____ divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
Tordesillas
80
Which country was the first to establish a sea route to India?
Portugal
81
Multiple Choice: Which explorer is credited with circumnavigating the globe? A) Vasco da Gama B) Ferdinand Magellan C) John Cabot
B) Ferdinand Magellan
82
What was the primary motivation behind early European exploration?
To find new trade routes and resources
83
True or False: The Spanish Empire was primarily focused on colonizing Asia.
False
84
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a type of ship used by explorers during the Age of Discovery.
caravel
85
Which empire did Hernán Cortés conquer?
The Aztec Empire
86
Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a result of European exploration? A) Cultural exchange B) The spread of diseases C) Both A and B
C) Both A and B
87
What year did Vasco da Gama reach India?
1498
88
True or False: The Age of Exploration began in the 18th century.
False
89
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a significant trade route established by explorers connecting Europe to Asia.
Silk Road
90
Which explorer is known for his voyages to the Caribbean?
Christopher Columbus
91
Multiple Choice: Which country sponsored Columbus's voyages? A) Spain B) Portugal C) France
A) Spain
92
What were the 'three G's' that motivated explorers?
God, Gold, and Glory
93
True or False: The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach North America.
True
94
Fill in the blank: The _____ were indigenous peoples encountered by Columbus in the Caribbean.
Taino
95
Which explorer is associated with the discovery of the Pacific Ocean?
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
96
Multiple Choice: What was the main purpose of the Spanish missions in the New World? A) To convert natives to Christianity B) To establish trade C) To find gold
A) To convert natives to Christianity
97
What was the impact of European diseases on Native American populations?
Devastating decline in population
98
True or False: The Age of Exploration ended with the discovery of America.
False
99
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a famous set of islands discovered by Columbus.
Bahamas
100
Which country became a leading colonial power in the Americas after Spain?
France
101
Multiple Choice: Who was the first European to explore the Mississippi River? A) Hernando de Soto B) Francisco Pizarro C) John Cabot
A) Hernando de Soto
102
What was a major consequence of the Columbian Exchange?
The introduction of new crops and livestock to both continents

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