Chapter 3: Hematopoietic Function

Question 1

What are the three components of Blood

Answer 1

RBCs, plasma, and platelets

Question 2

Blood is viscous fluid and _____ tissue

Answer 2

connective

Question 3

What is need for hematopoiesis

Answer 3

hypoxemia, EPO, vitamin b12, folic acid, and iron for heme

Question 4

What hormone is produced to regulate iron uptake and transport

Answer 4

Hepcidin

Question 5

What acts as the flue for platelet adhesion

Answer 5

von Willebrand factor

Question 6

What causes a decreased blood loss

Answer 6

Endothelin and vasoconstriction

Question 7

What five things will platelets secrete

Answer 7

Serotonin, ADP, fibrinogen, calcium, and thromboxane A

Question 8

What four organs connect the hematologic and immune systems?

Answer 8

Thymus, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen

Question 9

What is the first responder immune cell

Answer 9

Neutrophils

Question 10

What immune cell controls and augments inflammatory response

Answer 10

Eosinophils- high in parasitic infections

Question 11

What immune cells releases histamine and mediators

Answer 11

Basophils- high in hypersensitivity reactions

Question 12

What immune cell is part of the secondary immune system?

Answer 12

Lymphocytes (B cells, T cells, and NK cells)

Question 13

What is the hallmark sign of Hodgkins Lymphoma

Answer 13

Reed-sternberg cells

Question 14

What is more common Non-Hodgkins or Hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 14

NHL

Question 15

What are the three types of NHL

Answer 15

Burkett, lymphoblastic, and large cell lymphoma

Question 16

What is cancer of the plasma cells

Answer 16

Multiple Myeloma

Question 17

What are characteristics of Multiple Myeloma

Answer 17

An abnormal response of plasma cells to antigens, produces abnormal immunoglobulins

Question 18

What is the acronym for s/s associated with MM?

Answer 18

CRAB, high calcium, renal failure, anemia, and bone lesions

Question 19

A group of hematopoietic neoplasms that result in abnormal cell growth, differentiation, and maturation

Answer 19

Myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 20

Abnormal leukocyte production affecting different organs

Answer 20

Leukemia

Question 21

Abnormalities in immature leukocytes (proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and resistance to apoptosis)

Answer 21

Acute leukemia

Question 22

How are acute leukemias diagnosed

Answer 22

H&P, peripheral blood smear, CBC, bone marrow biopsy

Question 23

Abnormal proliferation of more mature cells

Answer 23

Chronic leukemias

Question 24

Interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironment.
Lymphocytosis

Answer 24

Chronic Lymphooid Leukemia

Question 25

Proliferation of mostly mature granulocytes, presence of Philadelphia chromosomes

Answer 25

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Question 26

What kind of anemia is iron deficiency anemia

Answer 26

Microcytic

Question 27

What is Megaloblastic anemia?

Answer 27

A macrocytic anemia with vitamin B 12 and folic acid deficiency that creates larger cells with impaired DNA replication.

Question 28

Vitamin b 12 needs what to be absorbed?

Answer 28

Intrinsic factor

Question 29

What is pernicious anemia

Answer 29

CD4 cells attack cells that make intrinsic factor causing decreased absorption of B12

Question 30

An anemia caused by chronic disease or inflammation resulting in decreased RBC production or shortening of RBC lifespan

Answer 30

Anemia of Chronic Disease/Inflammation - Normocytic

Question 31

What is aplastic anemia

Answer 31

Failure of bone marrow to produce multipoint HSC precursors, leading to pancytopenia

Question 32

A hereditary hemolytic anemia that forms from an abnormal quantity of one of two heme protein chains

Answer 32

Thalassemia

Question 33

Too many RBCs and hemoglobin

Answer 33

polycythemia

Question 34

What are the clinical manifestations of polycythemia

Answer 34

Visual disturbances, hypertension, and splenomegaly

Question 35

What are the dangers of iron overload?

Answer 35

Reactive oxygen species

Question 36

What's the value for thrombocytopenia?

Answer 36

below 15,000 cells

Question 37

Disease where immune system destroys its own platelets

Answer 37

Immune Thrombocytopenia purpura

Question 38

A disorder that is caused by deficiency in the enzyme for cleaving von willebrand factor

Answer 38

Thrombotic thromboytopenic purpura

Question 39

What are the characteristics of thrombotic thrombocyotopenia purpura

Answer 39

Microthrombi in microvasculature, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding, high LDH and reticulocyte level

Question 40

Increased platelet count

Answer 40

Thrombocythemia

Question 41

What is hemophilia A

Answer 41

deficiency or abnormality of clotting factor 8

Question 42

Abnormality of clotting factor IX

Answer 42

Hemophilia B

Question 43

What is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder

Answer 43

Von Willebrand disease

Question 44

abnormally active coagulation and fibrinolysis, usage of all clotting factors

Answer 44

DIC

Question 45

state of increased coagulation

Answer 45

thrombophilia

Question 46

works on factor II, VII, IX, X

Answer 46

warfarin

Question 47

necessary to activate coagulation factors

Answer 47

Vitamin K

Question 48

works on thrombin IIa, prevents cleaving of fibrinogen to fibrin

Answer 48

Direct thrombin inhibitors

Question 49

factor Xa, prevents cleaving of prothrombin to thrombin

Answer 49

Direct factor Xa inhibitors (ex: rivaroxaban)