Chapter 3 - Introduction to Automation Flashcards
(44 cards)
It is the technology by which a process or procedure is accomplished without human assistance.
Automation
3 Basic Elements of an automated system
- Power
- Program Instructions
- Control Systems
it is to accomplish the process and operate the automated system
Power
It is to direct the process
Program of instructions
It is to actuate the instructions
Control Systems
Power for the process
▪To drive the process itself
▪To load and unload the work unit (proper position and orientation
▪Transport between operations
Power for automation
▪Controller unit
▪Power to actuate the control signals
▪Data acquisition and information processing
It is the Principal Power Source
Electricity
Widely available at moderate cost
Electricity
Can be readily converted to alternative forms, e.g. Mechanical, thermal, light, etc.
Electricity
Low level power can be used for signal transmission, data processing, and communication
Electricity
Can be stored in long-life batteries
Electricity
Set of commands that specify the sequence of steps in the work cycle and the details of each step
Program of Instructions
The actions performed by an automated process are defined by a
Program of Instructions
The particular processing steps for the work cycle are specified in a ______ (part programs).
Work Cycle Program
What the following are examples of automated work cycles in which decision making is required:
▪Operator interaction
▪Different part or product styles processed by the system
▪Variations in the starting work units
The Control element of the automated system executes the program of instructions.
Control System
The ______ causes the process to accomplish its defined function, to carry out some manufacturing operation.
Control System
Two types of Control System
- Open-loop control system
2. Closed-loop (feedback) control system
operates without the feedback loop ▪Simpler and less expensive ▪Risk that the actuator will not have the intended effect
Open-loop control system
a system in
which the output variable is compared with an input
parameter, and any difference between the two is used
to drive the output into agreement with the input
Closed-loop (feedback) control system
It represents the desired value of
the output
Input Parameter (set point)
It is the operation or function being controlled
output value
The process
A _____ is used to measure the output variable and close
the loop between input and output.
Sensor
