Chapter 3 - Maps and Mapping Flashcards
What show the true shape of continents and oceans?
Globes
Aviation maps and maps of the ocean used by sailors
Charts
Where is one of the oldest maps known from?
Babylonia
This ratio, 1 in. = 1 mi., is called the ________________
Map scale
Which ratios show small areas and which show large areas?
Large-scale ratios show smaller areas; small-scale ratios show larger areas
What are the cardinal directions?
North, south, east, and west
How did people at least several hundred years before Christ know that the earth was spherical?
- Ships eventually go over the horizon when sailing
- Some stars can only be seen at certain locations on Earth. If the earth were flat, we would be able to see all the stars from everywhere on Earth
- During a lunar eclipse, Earth’s shadow on the moon is always round
The ______ is distorted compared to the actual earth’s surface
Map
Appear parallel to the Equator when the globe is viewed from the side
Parallels
The 0 degree longitude line
Prime meridian
Where does the Prime meridian pass through?
Greenwich, England
Where is the International Dateline?
The western Pacific Ocean
Latitude and longitude together
Geographic coordinates
At the Equator, a degree of latitude or longitude is equal to about 60 __________________________
Nautical miles
What do sailors need to easily determine longitude?
Seagoing clocks
What is the most accurate way to find a position fix?
GPS
What arrow on a map points north?
North arrow
What is a box that defines all of the symbols and colors used on the map.
Map legend
What identifies the cartographer and the date the map was created?
The copyright statement
What is it if it touches somewhere between the Equator and a pole?
An oblique projection
What shapes can be flattened into a plane?
Cylinders and cones
What shows elevations on the map above some standard height?
Contour lines
What represents length on a map?
Line data type
What kind of engineers start from a position which known geographic coordinates?
Surveyor
