chapter 3 (Medication Admistration)

Question 1

collection of patient data that affects drug therapy

Answer 1

assessment

Question 2

oral tablet or capsule formulations that maintain consistent serum drug levels

Answer 2

controlled-release

Question 3

form in which drugs are manufactured; includes elixirs, tablets, capsules, suppositories, parenteral drugs, and transdermal systems

Answer 3

dosage form

Question 4

coating of a tablet or capsule that makes it insoluble in stomach

Answer 4

enteric-coated

Question 5

determining a patient’s status in relation to stated goals and expected outcomes

Answer 5

evaluation

Question 6

scientific evidence that yields the best practice in patient care

Answer 6

evidence-based practice

Question 7

planned nursing activities performed on a patient’s behalf, including assessment, promotion of adherence to drug therapy, and solving problems related to drug therapy

Answer 7

interventions

Question 8

list of perscription medications, over-the-counter medication, herbal supplements, or illegal substances taken by the patient (both current and past)

Answer 8

medication history

Question 9

description of patient problems based on assessment data

Answer 9

nursing diagnosis

Question 10

systematic way of gathering and using infrmation to plan provide individualized patient care

Answer 10

nursing process

Question 11

injected administration; subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous route

Answer 11

parenteral

Question 12

expected outcomes of prescribed drug therapy

Answer 12

planning/goals

Question 13

assist to ensure accuracy in drug therapy; rights include right drug, right dose, right patient, right route, right time, right reason, and right documentation

Answer 13

right of medication administration

Question 14

application of drugs (e.g. solutions, ointments, creams, or suppositories) to skin or mucous memebranes

Answer 14

topical

Question 15

absorption of drugs (e.g., skin patches) through skin

Answer 15

transdermal

Question 16

forms in which drugs are manufactured vary according to the drugs chemical characteristics reason and rute of adminsistration some in or moreform in clude liquid, tablits, capsules

Answer 16

Dosage forms

Question 17

tablets and capsules that are coated with a substance that is insoluble in stomach acid

Answer 17

enteric-coated

Question 18

five rights

Answer 18

the basic requirements for accurare drug adminitration require knowledge of the drugs to be given and the pt who r receive them as well as specific nursing skills and interventions

Question 19

parenteral

Answer 19

route of drug administration, injected

Question 20

controlled release oral tablets or capsules slowly absorbed medication effects prolongrd usually12-24 hours contain relatively large amountsof active drug.

Answer 20

sustained release

Question 21

application of drug to skin or mucus membrane

Answer 21

topical

Question 22

absorption of drug through the skin

Answer 22

transdermal

Question 23

FIVE RIGHTS

Answer 23

Right medication,Right dose,Right client,Right routeRight timeSixth “right”: Right documentation

Question 24

Follow “rights” consistently
Learn essential information about medications to be passed
Interpret prescriber’s orders accurately
Read medication labels carefully
Minimize abbreviation use to prevent errors

Answer 24

Accurate Drug Administration Principles

Question 25

Calculate doses accurately Measure doses accurately Use correct procedures and techniques for all administration routes Learn about client's diagnoses and condition in relation to medication administration

Answer 25

Accurate Drug Administration Principles (cont.)

Question 26

Verify identity of clients before administering medications Omit/delay doses as indicated by client's condition and document accordingly Be especially careful when administering medication to children due to high risk of medication error

Answer 26

Accurate Drug Administration Principles (cont.)

Question 27

Nurses' legal responsibilities

Answer 27

Safe, accurate medication administration Recognizing and questioning erroneous orders Refusing to administer unsafe medications Delegating in compliance with the law

Question 28

Common medication errors include

Answer 28

Common medication errors include Giving an incorrect dose Not giving an ordered medication Giving an unordered medication

Question 29

Medications often associated with errors includ

Answer 29

Insulin, heparin, warfarin

Question 30

Medication ,Systems vary by healthcare facility

Answer 30

Unit-dose system Computerized, locked cabinets Additional security for controlled substances

Question 31

Medication Orders inclued

Answer 31

Client's full name Name of the medication (brand, generic) Dose, route, frequency of administration Date, time, signature of prescriber

Question 32

IM

Answer 32

intramuscular

Question 33

IV

Answer 33

intravenous

Question 34

PO

Answer 34

by mouth, oral

Question 35

SL

Answer 35

sublingual

Question 36

SubQ

Answer 36

subcutaneous

Question 37

cc

Answer 37

cubic centimeter

Question 38

g

Answer 38

gram

Question 39

mg

Answer 39

milligram

Question 40

mcg

Answer 40

microgram

Question 41

mL

Answer 41

milliter

Question 42

oz

Answer 42

ounce

Question 43

tbsp

Answer 43

tablespoon

Question 44

tsp

Answer 44

teaspoon

Question 45

ad lib

Answer 45

as desired

Question 46

PRN

Answer 46

as needed

Question 47

q4h

Answer 47

every 4 hours

Question 48

stat

Answer 48

immediately

Question 49

Systemic medication forms include

Answer 49

Liquids Tablets, capsules Suppositories, transdermals Injections ,pump dilvery system

Question 50

given By mouth (PO)

Answer 50

Tablets Capsules Sublingual

Question 51

What are Controlled release? | Why?

Answer 51

Enteric coated (to prevent stomach upset) Maintain more consistent serum drug levels Allow less frequent administration More convenient for clients

Question 52

Controlled release

Answer 52

Tablets, capsules Contain high amount of drug Intended to be absorbed slowly over prolonged period of time Should never be broken, open, crushed, chewed

Question 53

Systemic absorption through skin

Answer 53

Transdermal

Question 54

External or implanted Refillable or long-acting without refills Insulin, opioid analgesics, anticancer medication

Answer 54

Pump delivery systems

Question 55

Solutions Creams Suppositories Frequently used for local treatment

Answer 55

Topical

Question 56

Mathematic abilities Knowledge of common units of measurement Knowing how to use data in performing calculations

Answer 56

Calculating Medication Dosages

Question 57

How do you Calculate Medication Dosages

Answer 57

D = desired dose (dose ordered, often in mg) H = available dose (on drug label, often in mg per tablet/capsule/mL) X = unknown (# of tablets/capsules/mL) V = volume or unit

Question 58

injected is

Answer 58

Parenteral

Question 59

Routes of Administration

Answer 59

``` Oral (by mouth) Parenteral (injected) Subcutaneous (SubQ) Intramuscular (IM) Intravenous (IV) Topical (applied to skin or mucous membrane ```

Question 60

___Must be prepared, packaged, and administered maintaining sterility Typical medication containers Vials (single- or multiple-dose) Ampules Prefilled syringes with attached needles

Answer 60

Medications for Injection

Question 61

``` ____must be Sterile needles Various gauges (lumen size) Larger number = smaller lumen Various lengths, use depends on Route of administration Thickness (viscosity) of solution Size of the client ```

Answer 61

Equipment for Injections

Question 62

____have been Developed to prevent injury and the spread of bloodborne pathogens SYRINGES Calibrated to measure doses accurately Insulin, tuberculin syringes for small doses

Answer 62

Needleless systems

Question 63

SubQ common sites

Answer 63

SubQ common sites | Upper arms, abdomen, back, thighs

Question 64

IM common sites

Answer 64

Deltoid, dorsogluteal, ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis muscles

Question 65

IV common sites

Answer 65

Back of hands, forearms

Question 66

Intradermal goes ____

Answer 66

Intradermal

Question 67

Intra-arterial goes ____

Answer 67

into arteries

Question 68

who performs Intra-articular (into joints) | Intrathecal (into spinal fluid)

Answer 68

Physicians must perform