Chapter 3: Movement into and out of Cells

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

The net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration toa region of lower concentration
-Energy from diffusion comes from kinetic energy of random movement of molecules and ions
-Diffusion of gases and solutes is important as without it. , molecules which are needed for life, for example glucose and oxygen for respiration, would not be able to get to the places they are needed. Water is needed as a solvent

Question 2

Osmosis

Answer 2

Net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential(dilute solution) to a region of lower water potential(concentrated solution, through a partially permeable membrane

Question 3

Osmosis in plant cells

Answer 3

-Do not burst in pure water/supported by pressure of water plants
-Turgid: Increase solute concentration in the cell from water pressure causes the cell to be tight and firm. Vacuole and cytoplasm swell
-Flaccid- Decreased solute concentration in the cell causes cell to become flaccid, losing water and cytoplasm and vacuole shrink. Cell body shrinks and gets smaller(plasmolysis cell membrane tears from the cell wall)

Question 4

Active Transport

Answer 4

-The movement of molecules or ions through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration(against the concentration gradient) using energy from respiration.

Question 5

Carrier proteins

Answer 5

Protein molecules in cell membranes that can use energy to shape and move ions or molecules into or out of a cell