Chapter 3 - People and Ideas on the Move Flashcards
(39 cards)
Who were the Indo-Europeans?
A group of nomadic people who came from the steppes.
What are the steppes?
Dry grasslands that stretched north between the Black and Caspian seas.
The Indo-Europeans were the ancestors of which languages?
English, Spanish, Persian, and Hindi.
What are migrations?
Movements of people from one region to another.
In 2000 B.C, who occupied what land?
The Hittites occupied Anatolia, also called Asia-Minor.
What is Anatolia in present day?
Turkey.
What was the weapon that the Hittites were known for?
Their chariots.
What was the name of the Indo-European group that crossed over to India?
The Aryans.
What was the sacred literature of the Aryans called?
The Vedas.
What were the 4 groups that Aryans were organized into?
Brahmins, warriors, traders and landowners, and peasants.
What were the social group systems called?
Castes.
What was the Mahabharata?
One of the great epics from India.
What is Hinduism?
A collection of beliefs that developed slowly over time.
What do Hindu’s see religion as?
A way of liberating the soul from illusions, disappointments, and mistakes of everyday existence.
What are the Upanishads?
Written dialogues between a student and a teacher.
What is moksha?
A state of perfect understanding of all things.
What is the soul of an individual human being called?
Atman.
What is reincarnation?
Individual soul or spirit that is born again and again until moksha is achieved.
What is karma?
Good or bad deeds.
What religion came out of Hinduism and who created it?
Jainism and Mahavira.
What did Mahavira believe?
That everything in the universe has a soul and should not be harmed.
Who was the founder of Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama.
What is enlightenment?
Wisdom.
What are the four noble truths?
- Life is full of suffering and sorrow.
- The cause of all suffering is desires.
- The way to end suffering is to end all desires.
- The way to overcome desires is to follow the eightfold path.
