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Psychology > Chapter 3 Physiology of the Brain/ Chapter 5 Conciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Physiology of the Brain/ Chapter 5 Conciousness Flashcards

0
Q

What are the 3 major sections of the brain

A

Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain

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1
Q

What does the central nervous system consist of

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Forward part of the brain, which consists of the cerebral cortex, which is divided into 4 lobes

A

Forebrain

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3
Q

Right behind your forehead; eyebrows to the middle of your head; responsible for: movement, thinking and planning, language production (ability to speak clearly), general memory, decision making, mood, personality: brain cells called neurons (electrical wiring in the brain), frontal lobe neurons are not fully developed until age 25

A

Frontal lobe

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4
Q

In 1800’s or so, worked on a railroad, somehow had a long iron bar shot through his head, right through his frontal lobe; whole personality was changed

A

Phinnaeus Gage

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5
Q

On top of your head, behind frontal lobe; responsible for: sensitivity to pressure, temperature, pain, and perception

A

Parietal Lobe

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6
Q

This happens if your parietal lobe is damaged, you can only see half of something. (falls under perception)

A

Contralateral Neglect

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7
Q

One on each side, right above your ears, the bottom of the brain, in the middle; responsible for: hearing, understanding language, storing autobiographical things (remember things that have happened to you)

A

Temporal lobe

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8
Q

If you sustain damage to the temporal lobe, what may occur

A

Deafness, no understanding of language, and amnesia

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9
Q

Back of the brain with only one major responsibility: vision; Any type of damage will affect vision, major or severe damage will affect your vision severely

A

Occipital lobe

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10
Q

Located in the middle of the brain; separates forebrain from hindbrain; responsible for movement (along with frontal lobe), walking, general movement, visual tracking, reflexes that are triggered by sound (jumping because of noise, curiosity of looking at a loud noise

A

Midbrain

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11
Q

Consists of cerebellum, pons, and medulla

A

Hindbrain

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12
Q

Plays a major role in balance and coordination

A

Cerebellum

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13
Q

Connects cerebellum to the medulla

A

Pons

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14
Q

Regulates vital functions (breathing, heartbeat, etc.)

A

Medulla

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15
Q

You _____ unconscious during sleep

A

Aren’t

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16
Q

Reasons for being conscious during sleep

A

Most parts of your brain are still active, you can hear see and move

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17
Q

Subjective experience of the world; our bodies and our mental perspectives

A

Consciousness

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18
Q

Internal clock that everyone has that works on a 24 hour cycle

A

Circadian Rythmn

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19
Q

During the Circadian rhythm, what biological changes happen

A

Hormone release, change in brain waves, and your body temperature

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20
Q

What is the sleep hormone

A

Melatonin

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21
Q

When is melatonin released

A

Sometimes after lunch, and at night time.

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22
Q

How many hours of sleep do adults need

A

7 to 10 to be fully rested

23
Q

how many hours of sleep do teenagers need

A

9 to 10

24
Q

How many hours of sleep do babies need

A

Atleast 16 for every 24 hours

25
Q

Cranky, irritable edgy and difficulty concentrating

A

1 to 2 nights of sleep deprivation

26
Q

Problems learning new information, symptoms of depression

A

3 nights of sleep deprivation

27
Q

You need to recognize there is a problem and that you need to sleep, hallucinations

A

4 nights

28
Q

Health problems, weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and problems with your immune system

A

Long term sleep deprivations

29
Q

How many stages of sleep are there

A

5

30
Q

Lasts about 5 to 10 minutes, lightest level of sleep, so light that most people think they are still awake

A

Stage 1

31
Q

Physically your brain activity decreases by 50%; some people experience hypnogogic images, which are brief, still images seen with your eyes closed; limbs jerk and/or you experience a falling sensation because of your nerves settling down

A

Characteristics of stage 1

32
Q

Time of this stage is different for everyone; your heart rate and body temperature drop, muscles relax and eyes stop moving

A

Stage 2

33
Q

Lasts 10 to 30 minutes then you go into

A

Stage 3

34
Q

Lasts 15 to 30 minutes; brain waves slow down eve more, deepest stage of sleep, very difficult to wake someone up in this stage. Adults spend 25% of their sleep cycle in this stage, and children spend 40% of their time in this sleep stage

A

Stage 4

35
Q

Blood pressure, brain activity, and heart rate all spike; breathing becomes rapid and irregular, eyes move around really fast and you become paralyzed; lasts about 10 to 20 minutes depending on how long you are asleep depends on how long this stage is

A

REM

36
Q

Most vivid dreams and your eye movement is like that of wenyou watch tv or a movie, so you’re watching your dream

A

What happens during REM

37
Q

Hearing whats going on in your dream, so muscles in your ear ac as if doing so

A

MEMA (middle ear muscle movement)

38
Q

Why is your body paralyzed during REM

A

To prevent you from acting out your dream

39
Q

Acting out all your dreams

A

REM behavior disorder

40
Q

A dream in which you are highly aware of the fact that it is a dream

A

Lucid Dreaming

41
Q

Having trouble falling asleep, waking up earlier than you want, regardless of how long you slept, problems staying asleep

A

Insomnia

42
Q

Bad insomnia, caused by depression anxiety, chronic pain, and certain medication

A

Acute insomnia

43
Q

Caused by stress, relationship problems, financial worries, being sick, shift workers, caffine, and taking afternoon naps

A

Mild insomnia

44
Q

Short term therapy

A

Mild insomnia treatment

45
Q

Sleeping medication

A

Treatment for long term insomnia

46
Q

Characterized by a sudden feeling of extreme sleepiness, so extreme that you can actually fall asleep

A

Narcolepsy

47
Q

Sleep attacks, followed by a sleep episode that typically lasts a few minutes but can last up to an hour

A

Symptoms of narcolepsy

48
Q

Triggered by sudden surprise of any strong emotion

A

Narcolepsy

49
Q

Paralysis without the sleep

A

Cataplexy

50
Q

Having trouble breathing when sleeping, or quitting breathing while sleeping

A

Sleep apnea

51
Q

When a person suddenly awakes in a state of terror; constantly screaming, punching and kicking, profuse sweating, and confusion; Most are young children between 2 and 5; No memory of this, and probably occurs during stages 3 and 4; Lasts a few minutes

A

Night terrors

52
Q

Walking around or performing daily tasks while you are asleep; Eyes are open, more clumsy, usually are harmless unless they run into something; most common in children

A

Somnambulism

53
Q

Popularized by Sigmund Freud in in 1900, wrote a book “The Interpretation of Dreams” he used dream analysis; theory states that dreams represent how we wish our lives really were

A

Wish fulfillment theory

54
Q

What actually happens in your dream

A

Manifest Content

55
Q

Hidden meaning of your dream, all about symbolism

A

Latent Content

56
Q

2 types of dream content

A

Manifest content

Latent content

Psychology (4 decks)

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