Chapter 3 - The Role Of Psychology In Health And Wellness

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

An area of science that focuses on people, and in particular, how the mind and feelings may influence behaviors.

Question 2

Adherence

Answer 2

The level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action.

Question 3

Motivation

Answer 3

The intensity and direction of someone’s effort to participate in an activity or engage in a behavior.

Question 4

Socioeconomic status

Answer 4

Persons or groups social standing, includes occupation, education, income

Question 5

Amotivation

Answer 5

Describes when someone is not motivated to engage in an activity or behavior

Question 6

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 6

Motivation coming from rewards, recognition, etc

Question 7

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 7

Motivation coming from self satisfaction

Question 8

Outcome goals

Answer 8

Goals focused on end result

Question 9

Process goals

Answer 9

Refers to the process of goal pursuit

Question 10

Social support

Answer 10

Intentional ways that people assist others in achieving a specific behavior

Question 11

Social physique anxiety

Answer 11

Anxiety that occurs in individuals who perceive that others could be negatively evaluating their physique

Question 12

Ambivalence

Answer 12

Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation

Question 13

Instrumental support

Answer 13

Actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen.

Question 14

Emotional support

Answer 14

Encouragement and positive reinforcement that’s provided from an individual to another, which includes being caring, empathetic and showing concern

Question 15

Empathy

Answer 15

Ability to identify with another person’s feelings, attitudes, or thoughts

Question 16

Informational support

Answer 16

Providing accurate, current, and effective information

Question 17

Companionship support

Answer 17

When someone engages in a behavior with an individual. This type of support is often observed in an exercise setting where people exercise with a friend or partner

Question 18

Self esteem

Answer 18

The way someone evaluates their own self worth physically, emotionally, and socially

Question 19

Body image

Answer 19

The way someone views their physical self or visualizes their body

Question 20

Sleep apnea

Answer 20

A sleep disorder in which a persons breathing repeatedly stops and starts, which dusrupts the body’s natural sleep cycle

Question 21

Physical activity

Answer 21

Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and empompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercises helps as gardening, walking dog, etc

Question 22

Adherence

Answer 22

Level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action

Question 23

Autonomy

Answer 23

Acting in accordance to how one wants to behave

Question 24

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 24

When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction

Question 25

Third space

Answer 25

A communal space, separate from home or work where the client experiences their own sense of identity and relationship to others

Question 26

Behavioral change techniques (BCT's)

Answer 26

Client interventions that are used to change some determinant of behavior

Question 27

Self-efficacy

Answer 27

One's belief that they can complete a task, goal, or performance; self confidence

Question 28

Ambivalence

Answer 28

Describes persons state of mixed feelings about a situation

Question 29

Determinants of behavior

Answer 29

Refers to psychological, social, or environmental factors that influence behavior.

Question 30

Intention

Answer 30

A construct that captures motivational factors that influence behavior. It indicates how hard people are willing to try and how much effort they are planning to exert

Question 31

Self-determination theory

Answer 31

A broad theoretical framework for the study of human motivation

Question 32

Autonomous motivation

Answer 32

When motives for exercise relate to valuing the outcome, when exercise is consistent with the client's identity, or when the client enjoys exercise.

Question 33

Planning

Answer 33

A concrete representation of when and where exercise will occur

Question 34

Attitudes

Answer 34

Degree to which a person had a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the behavior of interest

Question 35

Outcome expectations

Answer 35

The expected positive and negative consequences of a behavior.

Question 36

Stress

Answer 36

State of mental or emotional tension from demanding circumstances

Question 37

Perceived behavior control

Answer 37

Evaluation of whether one has the means, resources, and opportunities to perform a behavior

Question 38

Affective judgment

Answer 38

Referring to expected pleasure or enjoyment.

Question 39

Precontemplation

Answer 39

Client does not exercise or planning to start within 6 months

Question 39

Precontemplation

Answer 39

Client does not exercise or planning to start within 6 months

Question 40

Contemplation

Answer 40

Persons thinking about implementing change but hasn't taken steps to start; individual may take action within the next 6 months

Question 41

Preparation

Answer 41

Client intends to act in near future, usually within the next month

Question 42

Action

Answer 42

Client has made specific modifications in their exercise routine within the past 6 months

Question 43

Maintenance

Answer 43

The client has been exercising for more than 6 months and is working to prevent relaps

Question 44

Decision balance

Answer 44

Reflects the clients weighing of pros and cons of changing

Question 45

Empathy

Answer 45

Ability to identify with another person's feelings, attitudes, or thoughts.

Question 46

Rapport

Answer 46

Relationship in which two people understand each other's ideas, have respect for one another and communicate well

Question 47

Reflective listening

Answer 47

Process of seeking to understand the meaning of the speakers words and restarting the idea back to the speaker to confirm that they were understood correctly

Question 48

Active listening

Answer 48

Listening style that involves having genuine interest in what the speaker is saying; requires the listener to fully concentrate to understand the speakers message

Question 49

Closed-ended questions

Answer 49

Directive questions that can be answered with one word, typically a yes or no.

Question 50

Collecting summaries

Answer 50

Short sentence that continue the client's thoughts and add momentum to the conversation.

Question 51

Linking summaries

Answer 51

Summaries that tie together information the client has presented, perhaps even from previous sessions.

Question 52

Traditional summaries

Answer 52

Summaries used to wrap up a session or announce a shift in focus.

Question 53

Affirmations

Answer 53

Positive statements about character strengths.