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Biology 105 > Chapter 3: Water and Life > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Water and Life Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What is the chemical formula for water?

A

H2O

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2
Q

True or False: Water is a polar molecule.

A

True

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3
Q

What property of water allows it to dissolve many substances?

A

Polarity

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: Water has a high _________, which helps regulate temperature.

A

specific heat

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5
Q

What is the process called when water changes from a liquid to a gas?

A

Evaporation

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6
Q

What percentage of the human body is made up of water?

A

About 60%

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7
Q

Which property of water is responsible for its surface tension?

A

Cohesion

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8
Q

True or False: Water expands when it freezes.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the term for the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane?

A

Osmosis

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10
Q

What is the main source of water for most living organisms?

A

The environment (e.g., rivers, lakes, oceans)

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Water is essential for _________ in living organisms.

A

metabolism

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12
Q

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

A

It acts as a reactant to produce glucose and oxygen.

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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT a property of water? A) High heat capacity B) Low density C) Solvent D) Non-polar

A

D) Non-polar

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14
Q

What is the term for the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius?

A

Calorie

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15
Q

True or False: Water can exist in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.

A

True

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16
Q

What is the phenomenon called when water molecules stick to other substances?

A

Adhesion

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The _________ of water helps transport nutrients in living organisms.

A

fluidity

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18
Q

What is the term for the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves?

A

Transpiration

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19
Q

How does water contribute to homeostasis in living organisms?

A

By regulating temperature and maintaining fluid balance.

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20
Q

True or False: Water is the only substance that is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the primary function of water in cellular processes?

A

Solvent for biochemical reactions

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: Water can absorb and release _________, which helps stabilize temperature.

A

heat

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23
Q

What is the main component of the Earth’s hydrosphere?

A

Water

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24
Q

Which property of water allows it to transport nutrients and waste in organisms?

A

Solvent properties

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25
What is the significance of water's high heat of vaporization?
It allows organisms to cool down through evaporation.
26
Fill in the blank: Water's high _________ allows it to absorb a lot of energy before increasing in temperature.
specific heat
27
True or False: Water is a universal solvent.
True
28
What is the term for the movement of water from areas of high concentration to low concentration?
Diffusion
29
What is the role of water in cellular respiration?
It is involved in the chemical reactions that release energy.
30
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water helps in thermoregulation.
high specific heat
31
What type of bond holds water molecules together?
Hydrogen bonds
32
True or False: Water can exist as a solid, liquid, and gas on Earth.
True
33
What is the term for the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?
Condensation
34
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water is crucial for aquatic ecosystems.
density
35
What is the significance of water's polarity?
It allows for hydrogen bonding and solubility of ionic compounds.
36
How does water help in nutrient transport in plants?
By moving through the xylem and phloem.
37
True or False: Water is an essential component of all biological molecules.
False
38
What is the term for the pressure exerted by water in a plant cell?
Turgor pressure
39
Fill in the blank: Water's ability to form _________ enables it to dissolve many substances.
hydrogen bonds
40
What is the role of water in the body's temperature regulation?
It absorbs heat and dissipates it through sweat.
41
What is the importance of water in chemical reactions?
It serves as a reactant or product in many biochemical reactions.
42
True or False: Water has a low heat capacity.
False
43
What is the process by which water moves from the soil into the atmosphere?
Evapotranspiration
44
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water is important for maintaining life on Earth.
availability
45
What is the main reason ice floats on water?
It is less dense than liquid water.
46
True or False: Water can dissolve most organic compounds.
False
47
What is the term for the interaction between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonding
48
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water helps regulate the Earth's climate.
heat capacity
49
What effect does water have on enzyme activity?
It is necessary for enzyme function and stability.
50
How does water play a role in the structure of proteins?
It helps maintain protein folding and stability.
51
True or False: Water is involved in the process of hydrolysis.
True
52
What is the significance of water's role as a solvent in biological systems?
It facilitates biochemical reactions and transport.
53
Fill in the blank: Water is a key component of _________ and cellular structures.
cells
54
What is the role of water in the human digestive system?
It aids in the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
55
True or False: Water is not required for cellular respiration.
False
56
What is the term for the quantity of water vapor in the air?
Humidity
57
Fill in the blank: Water acts as a _________ for many biochemical reactions.
medium
58
What is the role of water in maintaining blood volume?
It is a major component of blood plasma.
59
True or False: All living organisms require water to survive.
True
60
What is the significance of the water cycle?
It recycles water and supports life on Earth.
61
Fill in the blank: Water is essential for _________ in ecosystems.
biodiversity
62
What is the role of water in thermoregulation for mammals?
It helps maintain a stable body temperature through sweating.
63
True or False: Water is a limited resource on Earth.
True
64
What is the term for the movement of water through soil?
Infiltration
65
Fill in the blank: Water's _________ allows it to absorb heat without a significant change in temperature.
high specific heat
66
What is the primary function of water in the human body?
To serve as a solvent and transport medium.
67
True or False: Water can exist in two states, solid and liquid.
False

Biology 105 (4 decks)

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