Chapter 30

Question 1

What species make up the majority of plant species?

Answer 1

Seed plants

Question 2

What are the 2 major groups of plants?

Answer 2

Gymnosperms and angiosperms

Question 3

What are gymnosperms?

Answer 3

Naked seeds, cone

Question 4

What are angiosperms

Answer 4

Flowers

Question 5

Are the gametophytes reduced?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What does reduced mean?

Answer 6

Heteromorphic (Occuring as different types)

Question 7

What does pollen do?

Answer 7

Protects male gametophytes

Question 8

What do gametophytes do?

Answer 8

Make gametes

Question 9

What do ovules do?

Answer 9

Make female gametophytes

Question 10

Are seedless plants self-fertilizing?

Answer 10

Not necessarily

Question 11

What are the seed layers, outside to inside?

Answer 11

Seed coat, food supply, embryo

Question 12

What are some adaptations of Seed plants? How do these help?

Answer 12

Seeds/pollen (Protect against drying and UV rays)

Question 13

What are some derived traits for seed plants (ADD MORE DETAIL!)

Answer 13

Reduced gametophytes, heterospory (Differences in spores by sex), ovules, pollen and seeds

Question 14

What do microspores give rise to?

Answer 14

Male gametophytes

Question 15

What do megaspores give rise to?

Answer 15

Female gametophytes

Question 16

Ovules are __-

Answer 16

Integument (Clarity)

Question 17

Megasporangium are (diploid/haploid)

Answer 17

Diploid

Question 18

Megaspores are (diploid/haploid)

Answer 18

Haploid

Question 19

What dominates moss life cycles?

Answer 19

Gametophytes

Question 20

Are moss sporangium diploid or haploid?

Answer 20

Diploid

Question 21

Do ferns and seedless plants have reduced gametophytes?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What dominates fern/seedless plant life cycles?

Answer 22

Sporangium

Question 23

Are gametophytes for ferns, seedless plants, and seedless vascular plants (diploid/haploid)

Answer 23

haploid

Question 24

Are sporangium for ferns, seedless plants, and seedless vascular plants (diploid/haploid)

Answer 24

Diploid

Question 25

How does pollen fertilize an ovule?

Answer 25

Pollen grain goes through micropyle, then the female gamete develops a pollen tube that ______________

Question 26

How does the seed germinate?

Answer 26

Ovule develops into a seed with an embryo, food supply, and protective coat

Question 27

What are some characteristics of gymnosperms?

Answer 27

Naked seeks, cone bearing

Question 28

What are some examples of gymnosperms?

Answer 28

Conifers (Pines, firs, redwoods)

Question 29

How do gymnosperms reproduce?

Answer 29

They make small pollen cones and large ovulate cones (usually on the same tree)

Question 30

How old are the oldest gymnosperm fossils?

Answer 30

~305 million years old

Question 31

What role did gymnospems play? Where did they live?

Answer 31

Dry climate, food for giant herbivorous dinosaurs, pollinated by insects >100 mya

Question 32

Where are pollen grains made?

Answer 32

The stamen

Question 33

Where does fertilization happen?

Answer 33

The ovule

Question 34

Why are fruits important?

Answer 34

They protect seeds and aid in dispersal?

Question 35

What are some characteristics and examples of fruits?

Answer 35

Can be dry or fleshy, include beans, nuts, and grains

Question 36

When did angiosperms evolve?

Answer 36

Early cretaceous (~140 mya)

Question 37

How may have flowering plants become dominant?

Answer 37

Plant pollinator interactions

Question 38

How many embryos do monocots have?

Answer 38

1

Question 39

How many embryos do eudicots have?

Answer 39

2

Question 40

What type of venation do monocots have?

Answer 40

Paralell

Question 41

What type of venation do eudicots have?

Answer 41

netlike

Question 42

What type of stem do eudicots have?

Answer 42

Ringed vascular tissue

Question 43

What type of stem do monocots have?

Answer 43

Scattered vascular tissue

Question 44

What type of roots do eudicots have?

Answer 44

Main root

Question 45

What type of roots do monocots have?

Answer 45

No main root

Question 46

What type of pollen grains do monocots have?

Answer 46

One opening

Question 47

What type of pollen grains do eudicots have?

Answer 47

3 openings

Question 48

What type of flowers do monocots have?

Answer 48

Multiples of 3

Question 49

What type of flowers do eudicots have?

Answer 49

Multiples of 4 or 5