Chapter 32 #15-29 Flashcards
(15 cards)
Public agitation in America due to contest in the seas, brought this in 1921-1922. Invitations went out to all the major naval powers- except Bolshevik Russia, whose government the U.S. failed to recognize.
#15 Washington Conference PG. 750
Frank B. Kellogg, after petitions baring more than 2 million signatures went into Washington he signed with the French foreign minister in 1928, this officially known as the Pact of Paris. Defensive wars were still permitted.
#16 Kellogg-Briand Pact PG. 750
In 1922 Congress passed this law, it boosted schedules from an average of 27% in Underwood’s Tariff to an average of 38.5%. The president was authorized in this Tariff, with the advice of the fact finding Tariff Commission, to reduce or increase duties by as much as 50%.
#17 Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law PG. 751
In 1921 Albert B. Fall induced the secretary of the navy, to transfer this to the Interior department. Harding signed the secret order, Fall then leased the lands to oilmen Harry F. Sinclair and Edward L. Doheny, but not until he received a bribe of $100,000 from Doheny and about three times that amount in all from Sinclair. This polluted the prestige of the Washington’s government.
#18 Teapot Dome scandal PG. 751
In 1921 Albert B. Fall induced the secretary of the navy, to transfer this to the Interior department. Harding signed the secret order, Fall then leased the lands to oilmen Harry F. Sinclair and Edward L. Doheny, but not until he received a bribe of $100,000 from Doheny and about three times that amount in all from Sinclair.
#19 Elks Hills scandal PG. 751-52
A bipartisan “farm bloc” from the agricultural states coalesced in Congress in 1921 and succeeded in driving through some helpful laws like this one. This was pushed energetically from 1924 to 1928, it sought to to keep agricultural prices high by authorizing the government to buy up surpluses and sell them abroad. Congress twice passed the bill but Coolidge twice vetoed it.
#20 McNary-Haugen Bill PG. 754
La Follette’s new party made up of price pinched farmers. It’s platform called for government ownership of railroads and relief for farmers, lashed out at monopoly and anti labor injunctions, and urged a constitutional amendment to limit the Supreme Court’s power to invalidate laws passed by Congress.
#21 Progressive party PG. 755
This pan of 1924 rescheduled German reparations payments and opened the way for further American private loans to Germany. It began to get complicated as U.S. bankers loaned money to Germany, Germany paid reparations to France and Britain, and the former Allies paid war debts to the U.S.
#22 Dawes Plan PG. 757
In the presidential election of 1928, these tens of thousand of dry southern Democrats rebelled against Al Smith, and Hoover proves to be the first Republican candidate in 52 years, except for Harding’s Tennessee victory in 1920, to carry a state that had seceded. He swept 5 states of the former Confederacy as well as all the Border States.
#23 Hoovercrats PG. 759
This tariff of 1930 followed the well worn pattern of Washington horse trading. It turned out to be the highest protective tariff in the nation’s peacetime history after it went through the Senate. The average duty on bonfire goods was raised from 38.5% to nearly 60%.
#24 Hawley-Smoot Tariff PG. 759
On October 29, 1929, this was when 16,410,030 shares of stocks were sold in a save-who-may scramble. The stock-market collapse heralded a business depression, at home and abroad, that was the most prolonged and prostrating in American or world experience.
#25 Black Tuesday, Black Thursday PG. 761
This was designed to dam the Tennessee River and ultimately embraced by Franklin Roosevelt’s Tennessee Valley Authority. Hoover emphatically vetoed this measure, primarily because he opposed the government’s selling electricity in competition with its own citizens in private companies.
#26 Muscle Shoals Bill PG. 766
In 1932 Congress responding to Hoover’s belated appeal established this. With a initial working capital of half a billion dollars, this agency became a government leading bank. It was designed to provide indirect relief by assisting insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, railroads, and even hard-pressed state and local governments. But to preserve individualism and character, there would be no loans to individuals from this “billion-dollar soup kitchen.”
#27 RFC (Reconstruction Finance Corporation) PG. 766
Hoover charged that this was led by riffraff and reds, in fact only a sprinkling of them were former convicts and communist agitators. The eviction was carried out by General Douglas MacArthur with bayonets and tear gas, and with far more severity than Hoover had planned. This brutal episode brought down additional abuse on the once popular Hoover, who by now was the most loudly booed man in the country.
#28 Bonus Army PG. 767
This proclaimed in 1932, declared that the U.S. would not recognize any territorial acquisitions achieved by force. Righteous indignation- or a preach-and-run policy_ would substitute for solid initiatives. This did not stop the march of the Japanese militarists.
#29 Stimson Doctrine PG. 767
