chapter 32 Digestion and Nutrition Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in chapter 32 Digestion and Nutrition Deck (25)
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1
Q

organisms that consume food to obtain carbon and energy

A

heterotrophs

2
Q

the opposite of a heterotroph?

A

autotroph

3
Q

why do animals eat?

A

an animal’s body uses nutrients in food to fuel cellular respiration and build tissues

4
Q

does body size influence food requirements?

A

yes

5
Q

do small animals have higher or lower metabolic rates than larger animals?

A

higher

6
Q

Why do small animals have high metabolic rates?

A

because they have more surface area relative to body size than larger animals, so they lose heat faster
the high metabolic rate helps them maintain temperature homeostasis

7
Q

do small animals eat more or less than larger animals? Why?

A

more

because they have a higher metabolic rate

8
Q

does an animal’s physiological state affect its metabolic rate?

A

yes

9
Q

[blank] eat only plants

A

herbivores

10
Q

[blank] eat only other animals

A

carnivores

11
Q

[blank] consume decomposing organic matter

A

detritivores

12
Q

[blank] eat a broad variety of foods

A

omnivores

13
Q

[blank] ingest large chunks of food (humans, pandas, or leopards)

A

bulk feeders

14
Q

[blank] drink their food (mosquitoes)

A

fluid feeders

15
Q

[blank] strain particles from water (some sharks)

A

suspension feeders

16
Q

All animals use a [blank] stage process to digest their food

A

four

17
Q

different diets select for differences in animal [blank]

A

digestive tracts

18
Q

[blank] is the entry of food into the digestive tract

A

ingestion

19
Q

[blank] is the physical and chemical breakdown of food

A

digestion

20
Q

[blank] occurs when nutrients enter the cells lining the digestive tract and move into the bloodstream

A

absorption

21
Q

[blank] expels undigested food from the body

A

elimination

22
Q

intracellular digestions occurs…

A

within cells

23
Q

what animal uses intracellular digestion

A

sponges

24
Q

an incomplete digestive tract is also called [blank] because it digests food and distributes nutrients to cells

A

gastrovasuclar cavity

25
Q

a complete digestive tract is also called an [blank] or [blank]

A

alimentary canal

gastrointestinal tract