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Esthetician Theory > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Crust (secondary)

A

Dead cells formed over a wound or blemish while it’s healing

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2
Q

Excoriation (secondary)

A

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

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3
Q

Fissure (secondary)

A

Crack in the skin that may penetrate into the dermis

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4
Q

Keloid (secondary)

A

Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue

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5
Q

Scale (secondary)

A

Excessive shedding of dead skin cells

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6
Q

Scar (secondary)

A

Discolored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury

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7
Q

Ulcer (secondary)

A

Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by loss of skin depth

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8
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

Inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical

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9
Q

Tinea Versicolor

A

A fungal condition that inhibits melanin production
Characterized by white, brown, or salmon colored flaky patches

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10
Q

Vitiligo

A

Pigmentation disease characterized by white patches of the skin that are totally lacking pigment

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11
Q

Albinism

A

Rare genetic condition characterized by the lack of melanin pigment in the body including the skin, hair, and eyes

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12
Q

Leukoderma

A

Loss of pigmentation leading to light, abnormal patches of skin
Albinism and Vitiligo are both types of Leukoderma

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13
Q

Tan

A

A change in pigmentation due to melanin production as a defense against UV radiation that damaged the skin

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14
Q

Nevus

A

Malformation of the skin from abnormal pigmentation of dilated capillaries
Also known as a birthmark

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15
Q

Ephelids

A

Also known as freckles
Tiny or round pigmented areas exposed to the sun
Determined by genetics, but affected by sun exposure

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16
Q

Lentigo

A

A flat, pigmented area similar to a freckle
Associated with aging skin, induced by sun exposure and photo damage

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17
Q

Melasma

A

Hyperpigmentation triggered by hormonal changes, often during pregnancy or with birth control

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18
Q

Varicose Veins

A

Vascular lesions that are abnormally dilated and twisted veins

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19
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger, or distended blood vessels

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20
Q

Rosacea

A

Inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, dilation of blood vessels, and in severe cases, the formation of papules and pastules

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21
Q

Postinflammorty Hyperpigmentation (PIH)

A

Darkened pigmentation due to an injury to the skin

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22
Q

Poikiloderma of Civatte

A

Actinic bronzing (chronic sun exposure) to the sides of the face and neck. The skin turns reddish-brown with a distract white patch under the chin
Not cancerous

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23
Q

Port Wine Stain

A

Vascular Nevus
Abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape

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24
Q

Status dermatitis

A

Chronic inflammatory state in the legs due to poor circulation

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25
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

Skin condition characterized by inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting and/or itchiness

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26
Q

Perioral Dermatitis

A

Acne-like condition around the mouth,consisting mainly of small clusters of papules

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27
Q

Eczema

A

An inflammatory, painful, itching disease of the skin

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28
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

A

Chronic, relapsing form of dermatitis

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29
Q

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

A

Causes by exposure to direct skin contact with an allergen
Skin can become sensitized to an allergen over time

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30
Q

Grade 4 acne

A

Cystic acne
Cysts with comedowns, papules, pustules, and inflammation
Scar formation from tissue damage is common

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31
Q

Grade 3 Acne

A

Red and inflamed
Many comedowns, papules, and pustules

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32
Q

Grade 2 Acne

A

Many closed comedones, more open comedones, and occasional papules and pustules

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33
Q

Grade 1 Acne

A

Minor breakouts, mostly open comedones, some closed and a few papules

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34
Q

Asteatosis

A

Tried scaly skin from sebum deficiency, can be due to aging, internal disorders, harsh soaps, or prolonged cold exposure

35
Q

Seborrhea

A

Severe oiliness of the skin
An abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands
When it is in the scalp it’s called dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis

36
Q

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

A

White, yellow, or flesh colored benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face

37
Q

Retention Hyperkeratosis

A

Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up because they don’t shed from the follicles as they do normal skin

38
Q

Milia

A

Epidermal cysts that are small, firm, white papules

39
Q

Sebaceous Filaments

A

Similar to open comedones, small solidified impactions of oil without cell matter

40
Q

Comedo

A

Non-inflamed build up of cells, sebum, and other debris inside follicles

41
Q

Acne

A

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands
Characterized by comedones and blemishes

42
Q

Normal mole

A

Small brownish spot on the skin

43
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

Moderately serious form of skin cancer characterized by red or pink scaly papules

44
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer which often appears as light, pearly nodules

45
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

Most serious form of skin cancer. It can quickly spread. black or dark patches on the skin are uneven in texture, jagged, or raises.

46
Q

Actin Keratosis

A

Pink of flesh colored precancerous lesions that feels sharp or rough and is a result of sun damage

47
Q

Wheal (primary)

A

Itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings

48
Q

Vesicle (primary)

A

A small blister or sac containing clear fluid

49
Q

Pustule (primary)

A

Inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus

50
Q

Papule

A

A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule

51
Q

Nodule

A

Bump smaller than a tumor, cause by scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections

52
Q

Macule

A

A flat spot or discoloration on the skin

53
Q

Cyst

A

Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin

54
Q

Bulla

A

A large list containing watery fluid

55
Q

Tumor

A

Abnormal cell mass, resulting from excessive cell multiplication. Varying in size, shape, and color

56
Q

Tubercle

A

Abnormal, rounded solid lump larger than a papule

57
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

Thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinocytes

58
Q

Keratoma

A

Acquired, thickened patch of epidermis

59
Q

Keratosis

A

An abnormally thick buildup of skin cells

60
Q

Keratosis Pilaris

A

Redness and bumpiness in the cheek or upper arms

61
Q

Psoriasis

A

Itchy skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales

62
Q

Skin Tag

A

Small outgrowths or extensions of the skin that look like flaps

63
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the mucous membranes around the eye due to chemical, bacterial, or viral causes

64
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus 1

A

Recurring viral infection such as fever, blisters, or cold sores

65
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus 2

A

Genital herpes; a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red, swollen base

66
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Painful skin condition from the reactivation of the chickenpox virus

67
Q

Impetigo

A

A bacterial infection of the skin that often occurs in children

68
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Fungal infection that produces thick, brittle, discolored nails

69
Q

Tinea

A

Fungal infections

70
Q

Tinea corporis

A

Also known as ringworm

71
Q

Verruca/wart

A

Hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus

72
Q

Dermatillomania

A

Obsessive compulsive disorder where a client picks at their skin to the point of injury

73
Q

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A

Psychological disorder where a client has an obsession with their appearance. This is often accompanied by an unrealistic picture of what they look like

74
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands
Often results from a fever or skin disease
Requires medical treatment

75
Q

Bromhidrosis

A

Foul-smelling perspiration

76
Q

Hyperhidrosis

A

Chronic expressive perspiration caused by heat, stress, or medications
Diaphoresis - menopause or other medical conditions

77
Q

Miliaria rubra

A

Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat gland
Results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure

78
Q

Diapho

A

Swelling from a fluid imbalance in the cells or from a response to injury, infection, or medication

79
Q

Erythema

A

Redness caused by inflammation

80
Q

Folliculitis

A

Hair grows under the surface instead of growing up and out of the follicle, causing an infection

81
Q

Pruitis

A

Medical term for itching

82
Q

Urticaria

A

Also known as hives, an allergic reaction by the body’s histamine production

83
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Overproduction of pigment

84
Q

Hypertrophy

A

An abnormal growth

Esthetician Theory (1 decks)

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