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Readings in Philippine History > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

Encounter with the West

1
Q

Tierra Incognita

A

Unknown lands

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2
Q

To the West, for quite a long time, the Philippines and the rest of the
world was Tierra Incognita, T or F

A

T

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3
Q

West was led by what countries?

A

Portugal and Spain

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4
Q

rival each other for the
possession of rich colonies in America, Asia and Africa.

A

Spain and Portugal

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5
Q

drew up treaties defining territorial rights to Spain

A

Spanish Pope

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6
Q

used by Spanish conquistadores
and missionaries in establishing colonies in the Americas
without much resistance.

A

sword and cross

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7
Q

another attempt to
colonize the islands succeeded under who?

A

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

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8
Q

Spain’s famed explorer

A

Ferdinand Magellan,

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9
Q

established the first
European settlement in the archipelago

A

Legazpi

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10
Q

Where lezagpi founded a permanent Spanish colony in the kingdom
of Maynila.

A

Luzon

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11
Q

Oriental spices, silk, fruits, attar of roses, Persian rugs, perfumes and
precious stones were easily sold in Europeans markets at big profits. T or F

A

T

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12
Q

who who went to the Holy Land to reclaim the Orient from the
Muslims?

A

Christian
crusaders of Europe,

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13
Q

citizens of Venice

A

Venetians

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14
Q

became a city of Italy,

A

Venice

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15
Q

passed through Central Asia by land, then to
the cities of Samarkand and Bokhara, then around the Caspian Sea
and the Black Sea, and finally to Constantinople in the Mediterranean.

A

Northern Route

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16
Q

started from Malacca in the Malay Peninsula, then to the Indian Ocean and the Indian ports, then to
the Persian Gulf to Baghdad and Constantinople, and finally to Cairo in
the Mediterranean.

A

Central Route

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16
Q

At the time the Arabs were developing their trade with Asia, there
existed three trade routes connecting Europe to Asia. T or F

A

F. Europeans were developing

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17
Q

started from Malacca, then to the Indian Ocean and to the ports of
India, then to the Red Sea, and finally to Cairo in the Mediterranean.

A

Southern Route

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17
Q

They captured the city of
Constantinople through which two routes passed.

A

Turks

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18
Q

closed the
Northern and Central Routes.

A

Turks

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19
Q

In his desire to make
Portugal a sea power, he sent an expedition to the Azores, near the
coast of Africa in 1421.

A

Prince Henry

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19
Q

allowed the ____ to
use the Southern Route on condition that they pay a certain sum as
fee.

A

Venetians

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19
Q

came to monopolize the Southern Route

A

Venetians

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20
Q

Instruments for navigation developed by Prince Henry

A

astrolabe,
the windrose
compass,
and the caravel, which was a kind of ship.

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20
Q

compelled
Portugal and Spain to look for another route in Asia so they could
continue their lucrative trade with the Asian countries

A

Venetian monopoly

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21
Q

first to send expeditions to the East.

A

Portugal

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22
Q

most famous Portuguese navigators “The Navigator”

A

Prince Henry

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22
Q

Islands discovered by the Prince Henry expedition

A

Madeira and Azores

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23
Q

“discovered” North America in 1492

A

Christopher Colombus, a native of Genoa

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23
Q

“discovered” the
Cape of Good Hope (1487)

A

Portuguese navigator Bartholomew Diaz

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24
Q

a native of Genoa, which later became a part
of Italy, went to Spain and offered his services to the King and Queen.

A

Christopher Colombus

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25
Q

was sent by Spanish King and Queen to
explore what Colombus had found.

A

Amerigo
Vespucc (Italian)

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26
Q

“discovered” what is now Brazil (1500)

A

Vicente Pizon

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27
Q

crossed what is now Panama and “discovered” the Pacific Ocean

A

Nunez de Balboa

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28
Q

first sea power to
chart an alternate passage to India

A

Portugal

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29
Q

first country to sail to the East and establish colonies

A

Portugal

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30
Q

resulted from the “discoveries” made by Spain and
Portugal.

A

sea rivalry

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31
Q

a Spaniard, whose family name Borja was Italianized into Borgia,
issued a bull in 1493 dividing the world into two.

A

Pope Alexander
VI

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31
Q

All lands south and
west of the Azores and Cape Verde Islands were to belong to

A

Spain

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32
Q

to take possession of the continent of
Africa.

A

Portugal

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33
Q

Pope issued another
bull on the same day (May 3) by which an imaginary line was drawn
from north to south at 100 degrees west of the Azores. T or F

A

T

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34
Q

second bull

A

May 3, 1493

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35
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

Created to avoid any conflict between the two nations

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36
Q

treaty of tordesillas date

A

June 7, 1494.

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37
Q

Lands to be
discovered east of this line would belong to Portugal, and those
on the west would belong to Spain. T or F

A

T

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38
Q

East Portugal
West Spain

A

T

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39
Q

a Portuguese who went to Spain to offer his
services to the Spanish King

A

Ferdinand Magellan

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40
Q

With the help of his father-in-law and Don Juan de
Aranda, a man occupying a very high position in the Spanish India
House of Trade, Magellan was able to see King Charles I of Spain. T/F

A

T

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41
Q

King of Spain

A

King Charles I

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42
Q

date of meeting of King Charles and Magellan

A

1518

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43
Q

Moluccas aka

A

Spice islands (sailed west)

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44
Q

Five ships of the Magellan Expedition

A

Victoria
Concepcion
Trinidad
Santiago
San Antonio

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45
Q

where magellan and his men first heart mass

A

Church of Santa Lucia de la Victoria

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46
Q

when did the expedition left port and sailed southward across the Atlantic.

A

September 20,
1519

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47
Q

When did Magellan reach Rio de Plata

A

1520

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48
Q

When did Magellan reached Port St. Julian at
the southern tip of South America,

A

March

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49
Q

where mutiny of his captains took
place

A

Port St. Julian

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50
Q

When did Magellan reach the Ladrones Islands, now the Marianas?

A

1521

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51
Q

Ladrones islands were named by Magellan what

A

Islas de Ladrones (Islands of Thieves)

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52
Q

When did Magellan sighted the mountains of
what is now Samar

A

March 17, 1521

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53
Q

event marking the coming of the first
Spaniards in the Philippines.

A

Magellan in Samar/sighting samar

53
Q

The next day, Magellan ordered his men
to land at which islet so the sick men can be taken care of.

A

Homonhon

54
Q

Ruler of Limasawa

A

Limasawa,

55
Q

Brother of Rajah Kulambu

A

Si Agu

55
Q

first blood compact between Filipinos and the
Spaniards

A

Magellan and Rajah Kulambu

56
Q

When did Magellan ordered a Mass to
be celebrated on the islet of Limasawa? This is the first mass

A

March 31, 1521

56
Q

Magellan took
possession of the islands in the name of King Charles and called them what?

A

Archipelago of St. Lazarus

57
Q

celebrated the Mass in Limasawa near the seashore.

A

Father Pedro de Valderrama

58
Q

when did the ships entered the harbor of Cebu

A

April 8, 1521

58
Q

Magellan’s Malay Slave

A

Enrique

59
Q

Cebu chieftain

A

Rajah Humabon

60
Q

Mass celebration in Cebu

A

April 15, 1521

61
Q

Christian Name of Rajah Humabon

A

Carlos; in honor of King Charles

61
Q

Greatest
single voyage ever known to man in early modern times

A

Magellan’s voyage across the Atlantic and the Pacific

61
Q

Christian name of Rajah humabon’s wife

A

Juana (in honor of King Charles’ mother

61
Q

To commemorate this event, Magellan presented Juana an
image of the Infant Jesus. T or F

A

T

62
Q

asked Magellan’s help to defeat his
rival, Rajah si Lapulapu, who according to Sula, refused to recognize
the King of Spain as his sovereign.

A

Rajah Sula

63
Q

Magellan at once accepted the
invitation to interfere in the local quarrel in order to show his might. He
and around sixty of his men, all well-armed, sailed for Mactan early in
the morning of April 20.
T or F

A

F. April 28

63
Q

Victoria’s way

A

sail to Europe by way
of Africa

63
Q

Two ships remaining from the expedition

A

Victoria and Trinidad

63
Q

Trinidad’s way

A

return to Europe by the way of the
Pacific

63
Q

Commander of Victoria

A

Sebastian del Cano

64
Q

Trinidad was captured by who

A

the Portuguese

65
Q

proved conclusively that the earth was
round.

A

Magellan’s voyage

65
Q

Victoria

A

Ship which returned

66
Q

Other expeditions sent by King Charles

A

Loaysa expedition of 1525-1526
Cabot expedition of 1526-
1530
Sayavedra expedition
of 1527-1528

66
Q

Loaysa expedition commander

A

Father Juan Garcia Jofre de Loaysa

67
Q

Cabot expedition of 1526-
1530

A

commanded by Sebastian Cabot

68
Q

Sayavedra expedition
of 1527-1528

A

commanded by Alvaro de Sayavedra

69
Q

quarrelled over the possession of the
Moluccas

A

Spain and Portugal

69
Q

Portugal won possession of the Moluccas after paying Spain the sum of 350,000 ducats na treaty

A

Treaty of Zaragoza

69
Q

Date of the Treaty of Zaragoza

A

April 22, 1529

70
Q

King Charles of
Spain agreed with his viceroys in Mexico and Guatemala that
expeditions should be sent to the East, particularly to the Spice or
Moluccas Islands

A

1538-1541

70
Q

expeditions sent to the East, particularly to the Spice or Moluccas Islands. Was led by?

A

Ruy Lopez de Villalobos

71
Q

Villalobos left Mexico with 6 ships on what date

A

November 1, 1542

72
Q

Villalobos crossed the vast Pacific,
and reached Mindanao in February 1543 T or F

A

T

73
Q

Man sent by Villalobos to Tandaya (Samar) to get some food

A

Bernardo De la Torre

74
Q

Local chieftain of Samar or tandaya who gave him enough food

A

Makanadala

75
Q

Named the islands of Samar and Leyte, Felipinas in honor of Prince Philip of Spain

A

Villalobos

76
Q

Leaving the Phil, where was Villalobos captured by the Portuguese?

A

Moluccas

77
Q

Villalobos’ death

A

at Amboina (1546)

78
Q

purpose of the
expedition was to survey the trade in spices and make a report on it

A

Legazpi expedition

79
Q

a member of the Loaysa expedition, as
pilot of the new mission

A

Father
Andres de Urdaneta,

80
Q

appointed
head of the expedition Lezagpi expedition

A

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

81
Q

When did :ezagpi sailed from Mexican port of Navidad

A

November 21, 1564.

82
Q

Legazpi number of ships and men

A

our ships and about 380 men

83
Q

Where Legazpi concluded a blood compact with some of the
chieftains, one of whom was Bankaw

A

Cibabao (Leyte) then Samar

83
Q

Legazpi expedition reached Cebu on

A

February 1565

84
Q

Datu of Limasawa

A

Bankaw

85
Q

Blood compacters in Bohol

A

Datu Si Katuna and
Si Gala

86
Q

What ledi led Legazpi to order his men to sail for Cebu after Bohol?

A

Scarcity of food

87
Q

return of the ship San
Pedro to Mexico was piloted by

A

Father Urdaneta and
accompanied by Legazpi’s grandson,
Felipe de Salcedo

88
Q

Sailed from
the port of Cebu

A

June 1, 1565

89
Q

northeastward from the Philippines in wide arc through the Pacific

A

direction at which Fr. Urdaneta steered

90
Q

Discovery of a new route was done by

A

Father Urdaneta

91
Q

Tupas brothers

A

Si Makayo and Si Katapan

91
Q

Legazpi and men entered Cebu harbor when?

A

April 27

92
Q

Cebuchieftain

A

Tupas

92
Q

who found the image of the infant Jesus which Magellan gave to Juana

A

A spaniard

93
Q

Although victorious, what did Legazpi apply?

A

Policy of Attraction

94
Q

was the infant Jesus burnt?

A

Nope

95
Q

A fort constructed was named

A

Fort San Pedro

96
Q

Initially, the Spanish settlement was called what?

A

San Miguel

97
Q

But Legazpi
remembered the unharmed image of Infant Jesus and renamed the
settlement what?

A

City of the Most Holy Name of Jesus

98
Q

Master of Camp

A

Mateo del Saz

99
Q

Portuguese captain who harassed Legazpi by blockading Cebu in order to starve the156 Spaniards

A

Gonzalo de Pereira

99
Q

Second Spanish Settlement in the Philippines was founded by

A

Legazpi

100
Q

When did Legazpi and his men sailed for Panay?

A

1569

100
Q

where is the 2nd settlement of spaniards in the Phil?

A

Banks of Panay River

101
Q

Expedition which sailed for Southern Luzon which reached Albay was headed by who?

A

Captain Enriquez de Guzman

102
Q

Legazpi’s youger grandson who led a small expedition to the north

A

Juan de Salcedo

103
Q

Salcedo’s claim for spain

A

Talim Island

103
Q

an island near
Mindoro sailed by Salcedo and fought Filipinos who refused to recognize him.

A

Lubang Island

103
Q

reported by Salcedo as a prosperous Muslim Kingdom

A

Manila

104
Q

Expedition for Manila which left Panay for Mindoro last

A

May 8, 1570

105
Q

Spanish forces division

A
  1. headed by Martin de Goiti who succeeded Mateo del Saz as master of camp
  2. Commanded by Salcedo
105
Q

Ruler of Manila as a thriving or prosperous muslim kingdom

A

Rajah Sulayman or Soliman

105
Q

Native canons

A

Lantaka

105
Q

First governon-general of the Philippines

A

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

106
Q

Who suggested that they settle in Luzon instead

A

Father Diego de Herrera, an Augustinian friar, suggested that they settle in Luzon instead.

107
Q

Rajah Sulayman’s Battle in Tondo

A

Battle of Bangkusay

107
Q

When was Manila made as the capital of the Philippines?

A

June 24, 1571

108
Q

When did Legazpi took over Manila?

A

1571

109
Q

who called Manila, “Distinguished and Ever Loyal City”.

A

King Philip II

109
Q

chief constable

A

alguacil mayor

109
Q

ayuntamiento

A

city Government

110
Q

magistrates

A

alcaldes

111
Q

legislative council members,

A

regidore

112
Q

escribano

A

court clerk

113
Q

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi’s death

A

August 20, 1572

113
Q

the first-born son of King
Philip II.

A

Prince Fernando

Readings in Philippine History (3 decks)

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