Chapter 4 Flashcards
(16 cards)
Sensation
The process of receiving stimulus energies from the environment.
Transduction
The process of transforming physical energy into
electrochemical energy.
Perception
The brain’s process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning.
Bottom-up processing
processing that begins with sensory receptors registering environmental information and sending it to the brain for integration and cognitive processing.
Top – down processing
Processing of perceptual information that starts out with cognitive processing at the higher levels of the brain.
Selective attention
Focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others
Sensory adaptation
A change in the responsiveness of the sensory system based on the average level of surrounding stimulation.
Retina
The light-sensitive surface in the back of the eye that houses light receptors called rods and cones
Rods
The receptors in the retina that are sensitive to light but are not very useful for color vision.
Cones
The receptors in the retina that process information about color.
Visual Illusion
A discrepancy between reality and the perceptual
representation of it
Outer Ear
Consists of pinna and external auditory canal.
Middle Ear
Consists of eardrum, hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Inner Ear
consists of oval window, cochlea, and basilar membrane.
Noise
irrelevant and competing stimuli
