Chapter 4 Flashcards
(15 cards)
integumentary system
the skin and its associated organs
cutaneous membrane
the skin
what are the parts of the cutaneous membrane?
epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
seven functions of skin
protection, water resistance, temperature regulation, vitamin D synthesis, sensation, excretion/secretion, and social functions
squamous cell
flat scalelike epithelial cell
keratin
protein found in dead outer layer of skin and in nails and hair
name the five layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep
stratum corneum, stratum lucidum (only in palms of hands and soles of feet), stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
stratum corneum
topmost layer of epidermis, made of dead cells with keratin.
stratum lucidum
found only in the palms of hands and soles of feet, thin translucent layer of cells called keratinocytes that are filled with proteins that become keratin.
stratum granulosum
keratinocytes that produce a fatty mixture that covers the cells and waterproofs them. cuts off supply of nutrients to the keratinocytes above it so they die.
stratum spinosum
keratinocytes contain nuclei and are attached to each other by numerous spines. helps epidermis to be strong
stratum basale
single layer of cells that form the keratinocytes. also contains melanocytes that produce melanin and the tactile cells attached to sensory nerve fibres.
what protein makes up the dermis?
collagen (made by fibroblasts)
What does the dermis contain?
collagen, blood vessels, nerves, accessory skin organs (sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, nail roots)
what tissue does the hypodermis contain? what is its other name?
subcutaneous fat (adipose tissue) Subcutaneous tissue layer (SC)
