Chapter 4 Flashcards
Socialization and the Life Course (21 cards)
Anticipatory Socialization
Processes of socialization in which a person rehearses for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.
Cognitive Theory of Development
The theory that children’s thought progresses through four stages of development.
Degradation Ceremony
An aspect of the socialization process within some total institutions, in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals.
Dramaturgical Approach
A view of social interaction in which people are seen as theatrical performers.
Face-work
The efforts people make to maintain the proper image and avoid public embarrassment.
Gender Role
Expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females.
Generalized Other
The attitudes, viewpoints, and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her behavior.
Impression Management
The altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences.
Life Course Approach
A research orientation in which sociologists and other social scientists look closely at the social factors that influence people throughout their lives, from birth to death.
Looking-glass Self
A concept that emphasizes the self as the product of our social interactions.
Midlife Crisis
A stressful period of self-evaluation that begins at about age 40.
Naturally Occurring Retirement Community (NORC)
An area that has gradually become an informal center for senior citizens.
Personality
A person’s typical patterns of attitudes, needs, characteristics, and behavior.
Resocialization
The process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one’s life.
Rite of Passage
A ritual marking the symbolic transition from one social position to another.
Role Taking
The process of mentally assuming the perspective of another and responding from that imagined viewpoint.
Sandwich Generation
The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children.
Self
A distinct identity that sets us apart from others.
Significant Other
An individual who is most important in the development of the self, such as a parent, friend, or teacher.
Socialization
The lifelong process in which people learn the attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture.
Total Institution
An institution that regulates all aspects of a person’s life under a single authority, such as a prison, the military, a mental hospital, or a convent.
