Chapter 4 Flashcards
(16 cards)
what does the systematic name for an oxyanion end in
-ate
what are negative ions that contain an element along with oxygen called
oxyanions
how can an elements oxidation state be shown
using a roman numeral
FeCL2 - Fe oxidation number = +2 so it is iron ll chloride
rules of oxidation numbers:
combined hydrogen is always +1 but
what is the exception to combined hydrogens oxidation number?
(2)
in metal hydrides its -1
in molecular hydrogen its 0
rules of oxidation numbers:
combined oxygen is always -2 but
what is the exception to combined oxygens oxidation number?
(3)
in peroxides (O2 2-) its -1
when bonded to F (F2O) its +2
in molecular oxygen (O2) its 0
rules of oxidation numbers:
what will the oxidation number be if the compound is made up of more than 1 element
each element would have their own oxidation number
rules of oxidation numbers:
what is the sum of the oxidation numbers for a neutral compound?
0
rules of oxidation numbers:
for molecular ions what is their oxidation number
(2)
- each of the constituent atoms has an oxidation number of its own
- the sum of their oxidation numbers is equal to overall charge on ion
rules of oxidation numbers:
what is the oxidation number of a group 1/2 element?
the same as its charge as an ion
aluminium is also always +3
rules of oxidation numbers:
what is the oxidation number of elements just bonded to identical atoms?
0
rules of oxidation numbers:
what is the oxidation number of uncombined elements?
0
because they have not accepted or donated electrons
rules of oxidation numbers:
what are all atoms treated as?
ions (even if covalently bonded)
in any substance which atom has the more negative oxidation state
the more electronegative atom
in any substance which atom has the more positive oxidation state
the less electronegative atom
what is an oxidation number?
the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element
what is a redox reaction?
when both oxidation and reduction take place
