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Flashcards in Chapter 4 Deck (40)
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1
Q

Activity limitation

A

Difficultly encountered by an individual in executing a task or action.

2
Q

Participation restriction

A

A problem experienced by individual involvement in life situations.

3
Q

Disability

A

An umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.

4
Q

Disability prevalence

higher estimate

A

15% of the population

5
Q

Impairment

A

Problem in body function or structure.

6
Q

Why are disability numbers growing?

A

Aging population, global increase in chronic health conditions associated with disability.

7
Q

Chronic diseases are estimated to account for what percent of all years lived with disability in low and middle income countries?

A

66.5%

8
Q

Stereotype

A

A simplified and/or standardized conception or image, often held in common by people about another group.

9
Q

There is higher disability prevalence in ______ income countries.

A

Lower income countries

10
Q

Do women or do men with disabilities face gender discrimination and more disabling barriers?

A

Women

11
Q

Most excluded group from the labor market

A

Those with mental health difficulties and intellectual disabilities

12
Q

Models of disability

A

Representations that become firmly established and are used to understand, think, and talk about disability.

13
Q

Charity model of disability

A

People with disabilities:

  • should be pitied
  • need our help
  • are victims of their impairment
  • broken/sick
  • need to be fixed/cured
  • not contributing members of society
14
Q

A problem with the charity model of disability is that it results in…?

A

It’s stigmatizing and it gives people low self-esteem

15
Q

Medical model of disability

A
  • Disability is an illness or medical condition
  • it’s an individual problem
  • it can be cured or cared for
  • Professionals have the control
16
Q

Problems with the medical model of disability?

A
  • person is the problem, not the society

- justifies systematic exclusion

17
Q

Impairment

medical model

A

Any loss or optimality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.

18
Q

Disability

medical model

A

Any restrictions or lack (resulting from impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

19
Q

The social model of disability

A
  • disability is not an individual problem
  • disability is a social issue
  • cure lives in restructuring society
  • disadvantage due to a complex form of institutional discrimination is fundamental to our society as sexism, racism, homophobia
20
Q

Impairment

social model

A

The functional limitations with in the individual caused by physical, mental or sensory impairment.

21
Q

Disability

social model

A

The loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in the normal life of the community on an equal level with others due to physical and social barriers.

22
Q

Rights-based model of disability

A

Focus: the fulfilment of human rights

Laws and policies he must’ve sure the barriers created by society are removed.

23
Q

Two main elements of the rights based model of disability

A
  • empowerment: people with disabilities as active stakeholders
  • accountability: duty of public institutions and structures to implement human rights
24
Q

Attitudinal barriers

A

Fear, ignorance, low expectations

25
Q

Environmental barriers

A

Results in physical inaccessibility affecting all aspects of life (markets, shops, public buildings, transport, etc.)

26
Q

Institutional barriers

A
  • Legal discrimination

- being excluded from certain rights

27
Q

UDHR

A

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

28
Q

ICESCR

A

International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

29
Q

ICCPR

A

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

30
Q

Who are vulnerable groups?

A

Minorities, First Nations, disabled, women, children, elderly, unemployed.

31
Q

CRPD

A

United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Adopted in 2006

32
Q

Aim of CRPD?

A

Promote, protect, and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights by persons with disabilities.

33
Q

CRPD marks a shift in thinking about disability from a ____ concern, to a ____ issue.

A

From a social welfare concern to human rights issue.

34
Q

Does the CRPD create new rights and entitlement?

A

No, it make sure the people with disabilities get the rights they are entitled to already.

35
Q

What percent of construction costs does it require to make buildings accessible?

A

1% of costs needs to be invested at beginning of construction.

36
Q

What percent of employers reported that employees with disabilities do not require any special attention?

A

75%

37
Q

How much more likely do persons with disabilities report that they find their healthcare provider skills are inadequate to meet their needs?

A

Twice as likely

38
Q

What are some reasons that residential institutions are bad?

A

Lack of autonomy, segregation from wider community, other human rights violations.

39
Q

Mainstreaming

A

The process by which governments and stakeholders address the barriers that exclude persons with disabilities from participating equally with others in any activity and from services intended for the general public.

40
Q

Ways to improve data collection on disability

A
  • implement the CRPD nationally and internationally

- uniform definitions of disability based on the ICF allows for comparable data