Chapter 4,5,6

Question 1

The third step in cellular respiration is:

Answer 1

The electron transport system

Question 2

The Krebs cycle takes place in the:

Answer 2

mitochondria.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not true of glycolysis?

Answer 3

It is also known as the Krebs cycle.

Question 4

Enzymes are:

Answer 4

proteins.

Question 5

Which of the following activates enzymes by means of an allosteric effect?

Answer 5

kinases

Question 6

Most enzymes:

Answer 6

a. are specific in their action.
b. can alter their function by changing the shape of the molecule.
c. are synthesized as inactive proenzymes.
d. all of the above.

Question 7

In naming enzymes, the root name of the substance whose chemical reaction is catalyzed is followed by

Answer 7

-awe

Question 8

Molecules that are acted upon by enzymes are known as:

Answer 8

Substrates

Question 9

Enzymes that cause essential chemical reactions to occur are called:

Answer 9

catalysts

Question 10

A red blood cell becomes engorged with water and will eventually lyse, releasing hemoglobin into the solution. This solution is __________ to the red blood cell.

Answer 10

hypotonic

Question 11

A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than living red blood cells would be:

Answer 11

hypertonic.

Question 12

An example of a cell that performs phagocytosis is the:

Answer 12

white blood cell.

Question 13

An example of a cell that performs phagocytosis is the:

Answer 13

White blood cell

Question 14

Membrane pumps are an example of which type of movement?

Answer 14

Hypdrostatic pressure

Question 15

The “uphill” movement of a substance through a living cell membrane is:

Answer 15

Active transport

Question 16

Which movement always occurs down a hydrostatic pressure gradient?

Answer 16

Filtration

Question 17

Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway that begins with glucose and ends with:

Answer 17

Pyruvic acid

Question 18

A molecule or other agent that alters enzyme function by changing its shape is called:

Answer 18

an allosteric effector.

Question 19

Osmosis is the __________ of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Answer 19

Diffusion

Question 20

Movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration is:

Answer 20

Passive transport

Question 21

The energy required for active transport processes is obtained from:

Answer 21

ATP

Question 22

The force of a fluid pushing against a surface could be described as:

Answer 22

hydrostatic pressure.

Question 23

A hypertonic solution is one that contains:

Answer 23

a greater concentration of solute than the cell.

Question 24

The trapping of bacteria by specialized white blood cells is an example of:

Answer 24

phagocytosis

Question 25

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in the presence of at least one impermeant solute is referred to as:

Answer 25

Osmosis

Question 26

Which of the following is not a passive transport process?

Answer 26

Pinocytosis

Question 27

The phospholipid area of the plasma membrane of a cell is:

Answer 27

Bylayered

Question 28

Ribosomes are attached to:

Answer 28

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

Skin cells are held tightly together by:

Answer 29

desmosomes

Question 30

Movement of the ovum within the female reproductive tract is largely as a result of:

Answer 30

the cilia lining the uterine tubes.

Question 31

Which of the following cellular extensions are required when absorption is important?

Answer 31

Micrivilli

Question 32

The nucleolus is composed chiefly of:

Answer 32

rRNA

Question 33

Glycolysis does not need what but can function with

Answer 33

Oxygen

Question 34

The whole purpose of cellular respiration is

Answer 34

Create ATP

Question 35

Glycolysis starts with What and ends with what?

Answer 35

Starts with glucose ends with pyruvic acid

Question 36

What does the Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle not need help

Answer 36

Oxygen

Question 37

The Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle starts with pyruvic acid and ends with what

Answer 37

Carbon dioxide

Question 38

What is the third stage in cellular respiration

Answer 38

The electron transport system

Question 39

In the electron transport system it starts with carbon dioxide and ends with

Answer 39

ATP in other words energy

Question 40

Where does the cellular respiration occur

Answer 40

The mitochondria

Question 41

What element is present in proteins but not carbohydrates

Answer 41

Nitrogen

Question 42

What lipid is in vitamin D

Answer 42

Steroid

Question 43

Is salt a major group of organic substances

Answer 43

No false

Question 44

What formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule

Answer 44

Dehydration synthesis

Question 45

Amino acids frequently bond by

Answer 45

Peptide bonds

Question 46

Humans can synthesize how many basic amino acids and what are these acids called

Answer 46

13 and they are non-essential amino acids

Question 47

How many essential amino acids are there

Answer 47

Eight

Question 48

What makes the eight essential amino acids essential

Answer 48

You cannot produce them yourself they must be acquired from outside the body

Question 49

What are the basic building blocks of lipids

Answer 49

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 50

How would you describe DNA

Answer 50

Double Helix nucleotide

Question 51

Study of metabolism includes what

Answer 51

Catabolism, anabolism, ATP

Question 52

Is hydrolysis an example of a catabolic reaction

Answer 52

True

Question 53

What is bad cholesterol

Answer 53

LDL low-density lipids

Question 54

What is good cholesterol

Answer 54

High density lipids

Question 55

What type of lipids are in sex hormones

Answer 55

Steroids

Question 56

Proteins are composed of how many amino acids

Answer 56

21

Question 57

What is another name for tissue hormones

Answer 57

Prostaglandins

Question 58

Name the three major ingredients of DNA molecules

Answer 58

Sugar nitrogen phosphate

Question 59

Alpha helix is an example of what level of protein structure

Answer 59

Secondary

Question 60

When talking about RNA we know that it contains ribosomes sugar and is composed of the smaller molecules called nucleotides

Answer 60

True

Question 61

Proteins provide structure for body function

Answer 61

True

Question 62

Protein chemical reaction acts as a catalyst

Answer 62

True

Question 63

What speeds up chemical reaction by reducing the amount of energy needed

Answer 63

A catalyst

Question 64

One of proteins major functions is to provide energy for the body

Answer 64

False

Question 65

What level of protein structure is the kind number and sequence

Answer 65

Primary

Question 66

Prostaglandins and steroids share what in common

Answer 66

Share ring like structure in molecules

Question 67

Carbohydrates are in DNA and RNA

Answer 67

True

Question 68

What is the fundamental unit of life

Answer 68

Cells

Question 69

What cells recognize and destroy non cell cells

Answer 69

Immune cells

Question 70

Plasma membrane several functions selective barrier one of the functions is the control center of the cell

Answer 70

False

Question 71

What structure in cells is associated with digestion of foreign material

Answer 71

Lysosomes

Question 72

What is the major functions of ribosomes

Answer 72

Synthesize protein

Question 73

What organelle allows for recycling of amino acid

Answer 73

Lysosomes

Question 74

What organelle process packages material

Answer 74

Golgi apparatus

Question 75

Whatis it called when projections from the Cell that move material and mucus

Answer 75

Cilia

Question 76

What is it called for the granules or threads inside of a nucleus

Answer 76

Chromatin

Question 77

Skin cells are pulled together by

Answer 77

Desmosomes

Question 78

The inner membrane with a double membrane with Folds called cristae

Answer 78

Mitochondria

Question 79

Cell extensions that assist epithelial cells

Answer 79

Microvilli

Question 80

What do we call a specialized cell that involves sperm

Answer 80

Flagella

Question 81

What organelle is found in DNA

Answer 81

Nucleus

Question 82

What do we call an area of cytoplasm that coordinates building and breaking down of structure

Answer 82

Centrosome

Question 83

What structure separates contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue

Answer 83

Plasma membrane

Question 84

What do we sometimes call centrosome

Answer 84

MTOC microtubule organizing center

Question 85

What organelle consisting of separate tiny sacs called cisterna

Answer 85

Golgi apparatus

Question 86

The nucleolus consists of

Answer 86

rRNA

Question 87

What organelle is non-membranious bacteria

Answer 87

Ribosome

Question 88

Which organelle is considered membranous

Answer 88

Lysosomes

Question 89

IMP does what

Answer 89

Controls movement in and out

Question 90

What is facilitated diffusion

Answer 90

Rapid osmosis to open protein channels energy is required gate channels open and close lock and key method triggered by variety of stimuli

Question 91

Hypertonic means

Answer 91

High

Question 92

Hypotonic means

Answer 92

Low

Question 93

Isotonic means

Answer 93

Level

Question 94

Phagocytosis

Answer 94

Condition of cell eating

Question 95

Pinocytosis

Answer 95

Provides a way for the cell to move material including membrane receptors and transporters from plasma membrane

Question 96

Filtration

Answer 96

Filtration is movement of water and solute molecules across the cell membrane due to hydrostatic pressure generated by the cardiovascular system. Depending on the size of the membrane pores, only solutes of a certain size may pass through it.

Question 97

Cytoskeleton

Answer 97

Where contents are released

Question 98

Lysosomes

Answer 98

Allows for recycling , trash

Question 99

Potential osmotic pressure

Answer 99

Maximum pressure that could develop in solution when it is separated from pure water by selectively Permeable membrane

Question 100

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 100

Three sodium ions bind to sodium binding ATP breaks stored energy is given to pump transports by the vesicles allows substances to enter or leave interior of so without actually moving to the plasma membrane

Question 101

Osmosis

Answer 101

Diffusion of water special example channel we needed passive transport water

Question 102

Anabolism

Answer 102

protein synthesis Central of anabolic pathway in cells

Question 103

Diffusion must have what

Answer 103

A concentration gradient

Question 104

The great example of catabolism

Answer 104

Cellular respiration

Question 105

Allosteric effectors

Answer 105

Temperature hydrogen ion concentration ionizing radiation cofactors and products of certain metabolic pathways

Question 106

Carrier mediated transport

Answer 106

Is the solitude of diffusion is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane to transport proteins that are embedded within the cellular membrane

Question 107

Hydrostatic pressure

Answer 107

The pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium a given point within the fluid due to the force of gravity it increases in proportion to depth measured from the service because of the increasing weight of fluid exerting downward force from above

Question 108

Gated channel proteins

Answer 108

Energy ATP opens and proteins hold on to other items to pull across channel