chapter 4

Question 1

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 1

covers surface of ovary; lines inner surface of cornea and lens of eye, kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands

c. Function; secretion and absorption

Question 2

4. Simple columnar epithelium (non-ciliated)

Answer 2

b. Location; lines stomach, small and large intestines, digestive glands and gall bladder.
c. Function; secretion and absorption

Question 3

5. Simple columnar epithelium (ciliated)

Answer 3

b. Location; lines a few portions of upper respiratory tract and the uterine (fallopian) tubes.
c. Function - Moves mucus by ciliary action.

Question 4

6. Stratified Squamous epithelium

Answer 4

b. Location; non-keratinizing variety lines wet surfaces such as mouth, esophagus, part of epiglottis, and vagina Keratinizing variety forms outer layer of skin (epidermis)
c. Function – protection

Question 5

keratin

Answer 5

water proofs skin

Question 6

7. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 6

b. Location; ducts of adult sweat glands

c. Function – Protection/excretion

Question 7

8. Stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 7

b. Location – lines part of male urethra and some larger excretory ducts,
c. Function; protection and secretion

Question 8

9. Stratified Transitional Epithelium

Answer 8

b. Location; Lines urinary bladder

c. Function; permits distention

Question 9

10. Pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 9

b. Location; Lines larger excretory ducts of many large glands and male urethra; ciliated variety with goblet cells lines most of the upper respiratory tract and some ducts of male reproductive system
c. Function; secretion and movement of mucus by ciliary action.

Question 10

D. Glandular Epithelium

Answer 10

liver and pancreas does both

Question 11

Exocrine

Answer 11

product into duct

Question 12

Endocrine

Answer 12

secretes hormone into blood

Question 13

intercellular substance contains (a matrix )

Answer 13

a. fluid
b. semisolid
c. mucoid (mucus like)

Question 14

general functions of connective tissue

Answer 14

connection, support, binding

Question 15

loose conective tissue has what thee fibers

Answer 15

Collagenous, elastic, reticular

Question 16

D. Dense connective tissue

Answer 16

has all three fibers but collagen predominates

Question 17

1. Embryo

Answer 17

first 8 wks

Question 18

fetus

Answer 18

8 wks and up

Question 19

3. mesenchyme

Answer 19

embryonic connective tissue

Question 20

areolar

Answer 20

binds skin to muscle layer benith

Question 21

F. Adult Connective Tisssue function

Answer 21

c. Function; strength, elasticity, support, phagocytosis, produces antibodies, and an anticoagulant

Question 22

a. Description; contains fibroblasts specialized for fat storage, cells have a “signet-ring” shape
b. Location; subcutaneous layer of skin, around heart and kidneys, marrow of long bones, padding around joints
c. Function; reduces heat loss through skin, serves as a food reserve, supports and protects.

Answer 22

2. Adipose- lipid

Question 23

3. Dense Connective tissue

Answer 23

a. Description; Collagenous, or white fibers predominate and are arranged in bundles; fibroblasts are in rows between bundles

Question 24

tendons

Answer 24

muscle to muscle and muscle to bone

Question 25

ligaments

Answer 25

bone to bone

Question 26

aponeuroses

Answer 26

connect muscle to bone or muscle to muscle

Question 27

4. Elastic Connective Tissue

Answer 27

b. Location; lung tissue, cartilage of larynx, walls of arteries, trachea, bronchial tubes, true vocal cords and ligamenta flava of vertebrae.

Question 28

5. Reticular Connective Tissue

Answer 28

b. Location; liver, spleen and lymph nodes | c. Function; forms stroma or framework of organs; binds together smooth muscle tissue cells.

Question 29

6. Hyaline cartilage

Answer 29

a. Description; also called gristle, appears as a bluish white, glossy mass; contains numerous chondrocytes; is the most abundant type of cartilage b. Location; ends of long bones, ends of ribs, nose, parts of larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tubes, and embryonic skeleton. c. Function; provides movement at joints, flexibility and support

Question 30

7. Fibrocartilage

Answer 30

a. Description; consists of chondrocytes scattered among bundles of collagenous fibers b. Location; symphysis pubis and intervertebral discs. c. Function; support and fusion

Question 31

name the three types of cartilage

Answer 31

haline cart, fibrocartilage, and Elastic cartilage

Question 32

8. Elastic Cartialage

Answer 32

a. Description; consists of chondrocytes located in a threadlike network of elastic fibers b. B. Location; epiglottis, parts of larynx, external ear, and Eustachian (auditory) tubes

Question 33

Erythrocytes

Answer 33

rbc

Question 34

leucocytes

Answer 34

wbc

Question 35

what makes up 45% of blood

Answer 35

erythrocytes, leucocytes, platlets

Question 36

what makes up the remander of blood

Answer 36

plasma 55% and of that 90% is water

Question 37

muscles work by

Answer 37

contraction, shortening

Question 38

A. Skeletal muscle

Answer 38

muscle attache dto bone

Question 39

visceral muscle

Answer 39

found in intestine

Question 40

cardiac muscle

Answer 40

heart

Question 41

a nerve is composed of what

Answer 41

axon/ myelin sheath, and dendrites

Question 42

A. Mucous membrane

Answer 42

opens to exterior , mouth and Vagina

Question 43

inner membrane that lines muscle

Answer 43

B. Serous Membrane

Question 44

portion kines intestine

Answer 44

periatal

Question 45

mesothelium 2 types

Answer 45

periatal and visceral

Question 46

1. Inflammation Symptoms

Answer 46

a. redness b. pain c. heat d. swelling- edima e. loss of function

Question 47

an attempt to restore tissue homeostasis

Answer 47

inflamatory responce

Question 48

3. Various components involved in restoring homeostasis

Answer 48

a. blood vessels b. intercellular fluid mixed with parts of injured cells(exudate) c. acellular components of blood d. surrounding epithelial and connective tissue e. individual’s age f. general state of health g. nutritional importance

Question 49

E. Stages of Inflammatory Response

Answer 49

1. Vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels 2. Phagocyte migration release nutrient fibrin formation pus formation

Question 50

A. Conditions affecting Repair

Answer 50

nutrition blood cerculation age

Question 51

a. Vitamin A

Answer 51

essential in replacement of epithelial cells (prevents night blindness)

Question 52

b. B Vitimans

Answer 52

- decomposing of glucose to CO2 and H2O; may relieve pain; many enzymatic systems need

Question 53

c. Vitamin C

Answer 53

required for cementing elements of connective tissue; needed for strength of blood vessels; formation of new blood vessels

Question 54

d. Vitamin D

Answer 54

proper absorption of Calcium from the intestines; Ca needed by bone

Question 55

e. Vitamin E

Answer 55

promotes healing of injured tissues; may prevent scarring

Question 56

f. Vitamin K

Answer 56

promotes clotting- ecoli- secrets vitamin K