Chapter 4

Question 1

The central nervous system consist of the what two parts

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 2

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 3

What impulses travel toward the central nervous system

Answer 3

Afferent

Question 4

What impulses travel away from the central nervous system

Answer 4

Efferent

Question 5

4. An impulse traveling into a neuron enters at the_______, is processed in the_______, and moves onto the next neuron or organ through the_______.

Answer 5

Dendrite, cell body, axon

Question 6

5. The white, fatty coating on some neurons is called

Answer 6

Myelin

Question 7

6. The junction between two neurons or a neuron and an organ is called the________.

Answer 7

Synapse

Question 8

7. The four main divisions of the brain are the _______, the _______, the _______, and the_______.

Answer 8

Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe

Question 9

8. The bundles of neural processes that transmit impulses between the brain and spinal cord are called _______. The processes that communicate within a hemisphere are called_______and processes that communicate between hemispheres are called_______.

Answer 9

Tracts, association fibers, commissural fibers

Question 10

9.The part of the brain that controls voluntary movement is called the________ _______and is located on the_______ ________. The tract that carries motor impulses is called the________ ________.

Answer 10

Frontal lobe, cerebral hemisphere, pyramidal tract

Question 11

12. The structure that maintains general awareness and arousal is called the_________________ _____________.

Answer 11

Reticular formation

Question 12

13. The________provides buoyancy and protects the brain from being jostled. It is found in the_______layer of the meninges.

Answer 12

Cerebral spinal fluid, subarachnoid

Question 13

The__________ __________are found deep in cerebral hemispheres and play an important part in the control and regulation of movement.

Answer 13

Lateral ventricles

Question 14

Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord at the _______horn, and motor neurons arise from the _______horn.

Answer 14

Dorsal, ventral

Question 15

16. Muscle tone is maintained by the_______and________ __________reflexes.

Answer 15

Stretch, deep tendon

Question 16

An interlacing of the ventral aspects of the spinal nerves is called a_______.

Answer 16

Plexus

Question 17

Oculomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal are names of_______nerves.

Answer 17

Cranial

Question 18

When working with patients, three things that you should keep in mind regarding their movements are __________, __________, and __________.

Answer 18

Psychological, emotional, cognitive

Question 19

1. Superiorly to inferiorly, the major divisions of the brain are the_______.

Answer 19

cerebrum, diencephalons, cerebellum, and brainstem

Question 20

2. The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the nervous system_______.

Answer 20

Are part of the peripheral nervous system

Question 21

The primary function of the central nervous system is_______.

Answer 21

Controlling and integrating function

Question 22

In order, the steps of an action potential are_______.

Answer 22

depolarization, repolarization, opening of the sodium-potassium pump, release of neurotransmitter

Question 23

8. The most commonly used neurotransmitter in the human body is_______.

Answer 23

Acetylcholine

Question 24

The mechanism that prevents unwanted and potentially harmful substances from entering the brain is the_______.

Answer 24

Blood-brain barrier

Question 25

Second-order neurons extend_______.

Answer 25

from the spinal cord to the thalamus

Question 26

The structure that separates the two hemispheres is the_______.

Answer 26

Longitudinal fissure

Question 27

The lobe of the brain that is chiefly concerned with spatial perception is the

Answer 27

Parietal lobe

Question 28

The system that identifies each function area of the brain by series of 52 numbers is known as

Answer 28

Brodmann's areas

Question 29

The primary motor cortex is located in the

Answer 29

Precentral gyrus

Question 30

The neurotransmitter dopamine functions in conjunction with

Answer 30

The basal nuclei

Question 31

The part of the brain that controls life supporting functions is

Answer 31

The brainstem

Question 32

The amygdala and hippocampus are structures of the

Answer 32

Limbic system

Question 33

The cerebral spinal fluid is located inferior to the

Answer 33

Arachnoid mater

Question 34

The spinal nerves exit the vertebral column by the

Answer 34

Intervertebral foramina

Question 35

The cutaneous sensory regions of the body are called

Answer 35

Dermatomes

Question 36

The advantage that a plexus provides is what

Answer 36

Supplementary innervation in the event of an injury

Question 37

The brachial plexus supplies what part of the body

Answer 37

Upper extremity

Question 38

The cranial nerves arise primarily from the what

Answer 38

Brainstem