Chapter 4

Question 1

tissue

Answer 1

composed of cells and matrix

• matrix (extracellular material)– composed of fibrous proteins and gel
• epithelial
• connective
• muscle
• nerve

Question 2

Epithelial

Answer 2

simple-1 layer

stratified- more than 1 layer

Question 3

squamous epithelium

Answer 3

flat

scaley

Question 4

cubodial epithelium

Answer 4

cube shaped

equal in height/width

Question 5

columnar epithelium

Answer 5

column like

Question 6

pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 6

layer like

more tall than wide

Question 7

fibrous connective tissue

Answer 7

binds tissues together

• collagenous fibers
• reticular fibers
• elastic fibers

Question 8

collagenous fibers

Answer 8

tough
flexible
resist stretching

Question 9

reticular fibers

Answer 9

framework for organs

Question 10

elastic fibers

Answer 10

spring effect (elastin)

Question 11

adipose tissue

Answer 11

energy storage (primary)
protective cushion for organs
insulation
white fat, brown fat

Question 12

brown fat is

Answer 12

heat generating

Question 13

cartilage types

Answer 13

hyaline (end of bones)
elastic (ear)
fibrocartilage

Question 14

what is bone?

Answer 14

hard solid matrix

formed by osteocytes

Question 15

red blood cells (erythocytes)

Answer 15

transport oxygen

Question 16

white blood cells (leukocytes)

Answer 16

fight infection

Question 17

platelets

Answer 17

clotting

Question 18

soma

Answer 18

cell body

Question 19

myocytes

Answer 19

muscle cells

Question 20

dendrites

Answer 20

form nerve impulses and transmit toward cell body

Question 21

axon

Answer 21

transmits impulses away from cell body

Question 22

smooth (not striated) muscle tissue

Answer 22

walls of hollow organs
slow contractions- digestive tract and blood vessel
involuntary

Question 23

cardiac (striated) muscle tissue

Answer 23

walls of heart

involuntary- not consciously controlled

Question 24

skeletal (striated) muscle tissue

Answer 24

attached to bone
moves head, trunk, extremities
voluntary- consciously controlled

Question 25

exocrine gland- duct

Answer 25

release on to surface or organ | -sweat, mammary, salivary glands

Question 26

endocrine gland- NO duct

Answer 26

release products into blood stream | -pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands

Question 27

body part with both exocrine and endocrine glands

Answer 27

pancreas- insulin- blood | pancreas- digestive enzymes- stomach

Question 28

hyperplasia

Answer 28

tissue growth through cell multiplication | -embryonic and childhood growth

Question 29

hypertrophy

Answer 29

enlargement of preexisting cells | -skeletal muscles and adipose tissue

Question 30

atrophy

Answer 30

tissue loss in cell size or # | -lack of use

Question 31

necrosis

Answer 31

"unprogrammed" cell death | due to trauma, toxins, infection

Question 32

infarction

Answer 32

blood supply cut off

Question 33

apoptosis

Answer 33

programmed cell death | normal death of cells that have completed their job